FY07-09 proposal 200306200
Jump to Reviews and Recommendations
Section 1. Administrative
| Proposal title | Evaluate the Relative Reproductive Success of Reconditioned Kelt Steelhead |
| Proposal ID | 200306200 |
| Organization | Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission (CRITFC) |
| Short description | Our proposed study will directly measure the reproductive success of natural-origin, hatchery-origin, and reconditioned kelt steelhead in natural streams. This will yield quantitative data replicated geographically and temporally. |
| Information transfer | Results from our study will be presented orally and in written form to management forums and entities including tribal commissions and councils when appropriate. Annual reports detailing study results will be submitted to Bonneville. Presentations at national conferences will be made and at least one manuscript will be developed and submitted for publication in a journal or book. |
| Proposal contact person or principal investigator | |
Contacts
| Contact | Organization | |
|---|---|---|
| Form submitter | ||
| Doug Hatch | Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission | hatd@critfc.org |
| All assigned contacts | ||
| Ryan Branstetter | CRITFC | brar@critfc.org |
| Doug Hatch | Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission | hatd@critfc.org |
| Doug Hatch | Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission | hatd@critfc.org |
| Dolores Rodriguez | Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission | rodd@critfc.org |
| John Whiteaker | Columbia River Inter-Tribal Fish Commission | whij@critfc.org |
Section 2. Locations
Province / subbasin: Mainstem/Systemwide / Systemwide
| Latitude | Longitude | Waterbody | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 46 32'15 | 120 28'46 | Ahtanum | Located directly off of Highway 97 in Southern Yakima. Screw Trap and juvenile fish sampling. |
| 48 05'50 | 119 41'36 | Okanogan | Located just east of Brewster, WA off of Highway 97. Hatchery is located just off of Cassimer Bar Road. |
| 48 23'47 | 119 30'15 | Omak | Located In Omak, WA screw trap and weir located just below and above respectively of logging yard. |
| 46 07'42 | 120 43'24 | Section Corner Creek | A tributary of Satus Creek where adults are placed for spawning and emerging juveniles are captured for genetic analysis. |
| 44 45'47 | 121 13'55 | Shitike Creek | Screw Trap and weir are located directly off of Highway 26 near Warm Springs logging facility. |
| 44 43'22 | 121 29'46 | Warm Springs, OR | Located about 100 miles SE of Portland. The hatchery is surrounded by the Warm Springs Indian Reservation. From Warm Springs drive 14 miles N, past KahNeeTa Hot Springs Resort, to signed turn to hatchery. |
| 46 12'55 | 119 45'30 | Yakima River | The Chandler Juvenile Migrational Fish Facility is located in Prosser, WA on the Yakima River at river kilometer 75.6. Fish from Yakima tributaries will be held here. |
Section 3. Focal species
primary: Steelhead All Populationssecondary: Steelhead Middle Columbia River ESU
secondary: Steelhead Upper Columbia River ESU
secondary: Rainbow Trout
Section 4. Past accomplishments
| Year | Accomplishments |
|---|---|
| 2005 | First year of field work. Operated three weirs collecting adult and kelt steelhead. Collected kelt steelhead for reconditioning. Released adult steelhead 5 kelts, 5 virgin males, and 6 virgin females into Section Corner Creek for proof of technique. |
| 2004 | Planning, coordination, and procurement. Three study streams were selected, weirs were built, smolt trapped procured, and project protocals were put in place. |
Section 5. Relationships to other projects
| Funding source | Related ID | Related title | Relationship |
|---|---|---|---|
| BPA | 200001700 | Recondition Wild Steelhead Kel | Staff and facilities from this project will help recondition kelts for the evaluation of reproductive success. |
| BPA | 200104600 | Applied Fish Science Center | Genetic samples will be genotyped at the Collaborative Center for Applied Fish Science which is the CRITFC and University of Idaho cooperative research center funded by BPA and the state of Idaho. |
| BPA | 199405400 | Bull Trout Life History Projec | Staff on this project assist in the operation of the weir and screw trap on Shitike creek. |
| BPA | 198812025 | YKFP Management, Data, Habitat | Share field equipment, staff, expertise with this project |
| PCSRF - Colville | CCT 04-2 | Locally Adapted Summer Steelhe | Hatchery staff and facilities for this project will be used to help recondition kelt steelhead from Omak Cr. |
| PCSRF - Colville | CCT 05-2 | Locally Adapted Broodstock Cas | Hatchery staff and facilities will be used to help recondition kelt steelhead from Omak Cr. |
| PCSRF - CRITFC | 2003-3-02 | Fish Production Assessment on | Staff on this project assist in the operation of the weir and screw trap on Shitike Cr. |
| BPA | 199701335 | Klickitat Fishery YKFP O & M | Share field equipment, staff, expertise with this project |
| BPA | 199701325 | Yakima/Klickitat Fisheries Pro | Shares field equipment, staff, expertise with this project |
| Other: NOAA BiOp | [no entry] | Steelhead Genetic Baseline | This project created standardized microsatellites for steelhead analysis. |
| Other: USFWS | [no entry] | Warm Spring National Fish Hatchery | Provides facilities and personel to recondition kelts from Shitike Cr. |
| BPA | 199506325 | YKFP - Monitoring And Evaluati | Kelts will be collected collected at this facility for reconditioning and used in the Yakima R. experiment. |
Section 6. Biological objectives
| Biological objectives | Full description | Associated subbasin plan | Strategy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Evaluate reproductive success | Evaluate reproductive success of natural-origin, hatchery-origin, and reconditioned kelt steelhead and adult resident O. mykiss at a variety of streams in the Upper Columbia and Mid-Columbia ESUs using pedigree analysis. | None | [Strategy left blank] |
| Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations | Apply kelt steelhead reconditioning techniques in multiple streams to post-spawners for release back into study streams. | None | [Strategy left blank] |
Section 7. Work elements (coming back to this)
| Work element name | Work element title | Description | Start date | End date | Est budget |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Produce Environmental Compliance Documentation | Produce environmental compliance document for kelt activities | Secure environmental coverage documents from NOAA Fisheries for all steelhead activities. | 10/1/2006 | 9/30/2009 | $15,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics |
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| Rear Fish | Recondition kelt steelhead | Kelt steelhead reconditioning will take place at Prosser Hatchery, Cassimere Bar Hatchery and Warm Springs National Fish Hatchery for fish from Section Corner Creek, Omak Creek and Shitike Creek, respectively. At the reconditioning facilities, kelt steelhead will be placed in 20-foot diameter circular tanks. The maximum loading rate of 200 fish per tank. Formalin will be administered 5 times weekly at 1:6,000 for 1 hour in all reconditining tanks to minimize fungal outbreaks. Ivermectin TM will be diluted with saline (1:30) and injected into the posterior end of the esophagus using a small (10ml) plastic syringe to control copepod development. Initially, a diet of frozen krill will be fed to the kelt steelhead followed by a maintenance diet of Moore-Clarke salmon pedigree diet. Experience at Prosser Hatchery had demonstrated that frozen krill was superior to starter paste diets in eliciting feeding behavior (Hatch et al 2003a). Kelts that received krill as a starter diet had an average survival rate of 45% compared to only 28% survival of kelts not exposed to krill in 2001 experiments. Despite the apparent advantages of krill, a maintenance feed was necessary to augment rematuration rates. In the absence of a maintenance diet, re-maturation rate was only 10% compared to a 27% rematuration rate with a maintenance diet. In general, results indicated that frozen krill followed by Moore-Clarke salmon pedigree diet provided the best overall survival and rematuration rates in 2001. | 2/1/2007 | 12/31/2009 | $175,000 |
|
Biological objectives Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics # of adults into program: 2000 kelts |
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| Trap/Collect/Hold/Transport Fish - Hatchery | Transport and release reconditioned kelt steelhead | Transport and release the reconditioned kelt steelhead above the weir of their original spawning population. Following data collection at the reconditioning facilities, kelt steelhead will be loaded into trucks and transported back to collection points. These fish will then be available to spawn with their original spawning population. | 11/1/2007 | 12/31/2009 | $30,000 |
|
Biological objectives Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics * # of non-clip (natural origin) adults: 1000 reconditioned kelts |
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| Trap/Collect/Hold/Transport Fish - Hatchery | Transport kelt steelhead to reconditioning facilities | All kelt steelhead collected at the weirs will be held in tanks. Those fish will then be loaded in trucks and transported to reconditioning facilities associated with each tributary. | 2/1/2007 | 5/31/2009 | $130,000 |
|
Biological objectives Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics * # of non-clip (natural origin) adults: 2000 |
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| Manage and Administer Projects | Project administration | Statements of work, budgets, invoices, billing, payments and other contract related documents will be produced. Contract negotiations will be undertaken. | 10/1/2006 | 12/31/2009 | $20,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics |
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| Manage and Administer Projects | Subcontracting with individual Tribes to implement project | This project is a collaborative effort with the Yakama Nation, the Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon, and the Confederated Tribes o fthe Colville Reservation. Subcontracts, statements of work, and budgets must be developed with each tribe. Additional coordination with tribal Fish and Wildlife Committies may also be necessary. Attendance at a national professional conference will be included. | 10/1/2006 | 9/30/2009 | $120,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics |
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| Produce/Submit Scientific Findings Report | Produce quarterly milestone reports | Progress reports will be submitted to the COTR via PISCES within 15 days after the reporting period and will summarize the following information: 1. Summary of progress or work completed in PISCES | 10/1/2006 | 12/31/2009 | $15,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics |
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| Produce/Submit Scientific Findings Report | Report kelt steelhead reproductive success project's annual progress | Complete annual reports. Develop presentations based on the annual report, and submit abstracts for presentation at conferences. | 9/30/2007 | 12/31/2009 | $75,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics |
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| Analyze/Interpret Data | Conduct parentage assignments from genetic data | Data will be analyzed with two specific goals: 1) to quantify gene flow between adult wild, hatchery and kelt steelhead within and between sites, using traditional population genetics tests (Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, Fstatistics, assignment tests)[Genepop (Raymond and Rousset 1995); GDA (Lewis and Zykin 1999)], and 2) to assign parentage of individuals based upon genotypes from 10-12 microsatellite loci, a maximum likelihood (Marshall et al 1998) and Bayesian (Neff et al 2001; Lange 1997) procedures will be used to exclude possible crosses and parents (parental exclusion analysis). The software program FaMoz (Gerber et al 2003) will be used for this analysis. | 10/1/2006 | 12/31/2009 | $50,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: assign 2000 individuals |
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| Analyze/Interpret Data | Evaluate and compare kelt steelhead reconditioning data | Records of mortalities will be kept during the reconditioning process. Reconditioning rates will be determined by the ratio of the number of fish released alive to the number of kelts initially stocked in the tank. Rematuration rates will be calculated by the number of mature fish at release divided by the total number of fish released. We will use two-way analysis of variance to test for differences in reconditioning and rematuration among studies | 10/1/2007 | 12/31/2009 | $25,000 |
|
Biological objectives Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: 4 sites |
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| Collect/Generate/Validate Field and Lab Data | Collect biological data and tissue for genotyping from adult and juvenile steelhead at tributary weirs and screw traps | As adult and kelt steelhead are collected annually at the weirs, biological data will be collected including for length, fish condition, marks present, etc., and recorded for each captured specimen. A small tissue samples will be removed from each fish and placed in vials containing a preservative for later genotyping. | 2/1/2007 | 5/31/2009 | $230,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: 5700 steelhead genetic samples |
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| Collect/Generate/Validate Field and Lab Data | Collect biological data from reconditioned kelt steelhead | Biological data will be observed and recorded for each specimen collected. Prior to release, surviving kelts will be anesthetized and examined with ultrasound equipment to determine maturation. Ultrasound images of each fish will be stored electronically and later individual egg size will be determined. Such data may be useful for comparison between hatchery-origin and natural-origin individuals since it has been reported that hatchery-origin fish tend to produce smaller eggs (Heath et al. 2003). Data such as PIT tag number, length, weight, marks, and condition by individual will be recorded. | 11/1/2007 | 12/31/2009 | $130,000 |
|
Biological objectives Recondition kelt steelhead at multiple locations |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: 2000 kelts |
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| Collect/Generate/Validate Field and Lab Data | Collect resident O. mykiss for genotyping | Resident trout can contribute to the anadromous cohort from a stream and therefore it is important to attempt to account for juveniles with undetermined lineage by surveying resident populations. Collections of resident trout will be made using backpack electrofishing units, seining, trapping, or other suitable means | 6/1/2007 | 9/30/2009 | $175,110 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: 3200 resident rainbow |
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| Collect/Generate/Validate Field and Lab Data | Determine age of individual fish from collections | Based on the generalized sampling scheme that has be developed for this project, it is necessary to acurately determine the age of juvenile fish in our samples prior to genotyping. By doing this it is possible to track individual yearclasses and therefore reduce the number of samples that must be genotyped. Scale pattern analysis will be used to determine age. | 10/1/2006 | 12/31/2009 | $30,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: age 1800 juveniles |
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| Collect/Generate/Validate Field and Lab Data | Genotype tissue samples from adult and kelt steelhead, and from resident O.mykiss | Samples will be collected and stored in ethanol to preserve the DNA. These samples will be shipped to the Hagerman Fish Culture Experimental Station in Hagerman ID. DNA will be extracted from tissue samples using the standard manufacturer's protocols from QiagenO DNeasyO in conjunction with a QiagenO 3000 robot. Genomic DNA will be quantified and arrayed into 96 well plates for high throughput genotyping. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) will be used to amplify 10-12 microsatellite loci designed from O. mykiss. PCR amplifications will be performed using the AmpliTag Reagent System (Applied BiosystemsO) in an MJ ResearchO PTC-100 thermo cycler following manufacturer's protocols. The first product of this work will be to generate a list of 12 useful microsattelite loci. Forward PCR primers will be fluorescently labeled (Applied BiosystemsO), and PCR products genotyped using manufacturer's protocols with an Applied BiosystemsO model 3100 or 3730 genetic analyzer. | 10/1/2006 | 12/31/2009 | $420,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: 8100 steelhead samples |
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| Install Fish Monitoring Equipment | Install fish monitoring equipment | Critical components of this project include sampling all returning adult steelhead and a representative sample of juveniles between Feb and May each year of the project. Weirs must be installed and operated at each of the three streams for adult collections. Additional weir materials may be purchased. Each weir will be staffed up to 7 days a week during the adult migration. Smolt traps will be installed and operated for juvenile collections. | 2/1/2007 | 5/31/2009 | $260,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success |
Metrics |
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| Mark/Tag Animals | PIT tag adult and juvenile steelhead at tributaries | All adult steelhead (including kelts) collected at the weirs willbe scanned for PIT tags and if no tag is found, a tag will be inserted. PIT tag identification codes will be cross referenced with the biological data and tissue samples | 2/1/2007 | 5/31/2009 | $30,000 |
|
Biological objectives Evaluate reproductive success |
Metrics Primary R, M, and E Type: 1800 adult steelhead Primary R, M, and E Type: 5500 juvenile steelhead |
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Section 8. Budgets
Itemized estimated budget
| Item | Note | FY07 | FY08 | FY09 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Personnel | 1.54 FTE | $75,253 | $79,016 | $82,966 |
| Fringe Benefits | 32.5% | $24,457 | $25,680 | $26,964 |
| Supplies | [blank] | $4,837 | $4,982 | $5,131 |
| Travel | [blank] | $15,300 | $15,759 | $16,232 |
| Capital Equipment | DNA sequencer lease | $50,004 | $50,004 | $50,004 |
| Overhead | 36.95% | $43,085 | $45,094 | $47,200 |
| Other | Sub. U of I / genetics | $76,826 | $93,386 | $101,666 |
| Other | Sub. CTWSR | $101,341 | $104,381 | $107,513 |
| Other | Sub. Yakama Nation | $125,000 | $128,750 | $132,613 |
| Other | Colville Tribe | $95,980 | $98,860 | $101,826 |
| Totals | $612,083 | $645,912 | $672,115 | |
Total estimated FY 2007-2009 budgets
| Total itemized budget: | $1,930,110 |
| Total work element budget: | $1,930,110 |
Cost sharing
| Funding source/org | Item or service provided | FY 07 est value ($) | FY 08 est value ($) | FY 09 est value ($) | Cash or in-kind? | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCSRF / Colville Tribe | staff / facility | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | In-Kind | Confirmed |
| PCSRF/ US Fish & Wildlife | Facility / staff | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | In-Kind | Confirmed |
| US Fish & Wildlife | facility / staff | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | In-Kind | Confirmed |
| Yakama Nation | Facility / staff | $25,000 | $25,000 | $25,000 | In-Kind | Confirmed |
| Totals | $100,000 | $100,000 | $100,000 | |||
Section 9. Project future
|
FY 2010 estimated budget: $692,278 FY 2011 estimated budget: $692,278 |
Comments: Genetic sample sizes will stabilize in 2009 and beyond. |
Future O&M costs: There are no future operations and maintenance costs anticipated for this project following completion of the research.
Termination date: FY2018
Comments: The aim of the project is to evaluate reproductive success through two complete life cycles to account for potential F2 effects. Due to the complex life history of steelhead the project should continue through 2018 to encompass two complete generations.
Final deliverables: Final reports; data; journal publications.
Section 10. Narrative and other documents
| [Attached Document] | Jul 2006 |
Reviews and recommendations
| FY07 budget | FY08 budget | FY09 budget | Total budget | Type | Category | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPCC FINAL FUNDING RECOMMENDATIONS (Oct 23, 2006) [full Council recs] | ||||||
| $368,425 | $368,425 | $368,425 | $1,105,275 | Expense | Basinwide | Fund |
| NPCC DRAFT FUNDING RECOMMENDATIONS (Sep 15, 2006) [full Council recs] | ||||||
| $368,425 | $368,425 | $368,425 | $0 | Basinwide | ||
ISRP PRELIMINARY REVIEW (Jun 2, 2006)
Recommendation: Response requested
NPCC comments: A response is need before the ISRP can make its final recommendation, but this proposal appears like it might be fundable as a companion project to 200001700. These two projects need coordination. Project 200001700 has documented success at capturing and reconditioning kelts in previous years; however, it is still in an experimental data collection phase with a long-term objective of determining whether the entire process of reconditioning kelts leads to increases in production through genetic contribution of reconditioned kelts back into the parent population. It is important that that project continue to finish the "experiment" as it is described in their proposal following along the lines of Table 5, which disturbingly, show absolutely no genetic contribution from the reconditioned kelts. The experimental work needs to be replicated several times, perhaps in several locations, in order to get reliable estimates of reconditioned kelt contributions to natural spawning populations. The budget on this kelt project (200306200) looks like it might be moving into implementation phase, which is inappropriate at this time, particularly given the results to date of the other project. It is important that the experimental work (the testing and experimental phase of project 200001700) be brought to a conclusion, evaluated, and a regional decision made about how and whether to move further into kelt reconditioning. It may be appropriate to fund 200306200 as a companion study in order to more quickly obtain the data and insights necessary to evaluate whether kelt reconditioning can be used to augment population rebuilding objectives; however, if this is done, this project (200306200) would have to be redesigned to be coordinated and complementary. The two CRITFC proposals need to be justified together, which should be the thrust of the response. Table 5 sums it up -- not a single progeny was successfully related to the kelts. This appears like the effort is not going to go anywhere. Kelts may not be amenable to holding in a hatchery and then being released for spawning. How do you know if the progeny are from a pre-kelt or post-kelt reproductive event?
ISRP FINAL REVIEW (Aug 31, 2006)
Recommendation: Fundable in part
NPCC comments: The ISRP recommends Fundable in Part to complete the experiment but not full implementation. The sponsors responded to the ISRP request for additional information on this and companion project 200001700 in a common response. They responded to our questions about implementation and how the projects relate to each other in a satisfactory manner. There does appear to be some promise in this approach in spite of some initial failures (in producing smolts and at these contributing to wild reproduction). The evidence of recruitment is very poor. It is important to continue the experiment (not full implementation) long enough to make certain an adequate attempt and evaluation have occurred. Nevertheless, this takes away from the real issue that migration success of kelts is constrained by the hydrosystem, both in terms of the hydro projects and river conditions are not conducive to re-conditioning.