FY 2001 Columbia Gorge proposal 198805307

Section 1. Administrative

Project location

Reasonable and Prudent Alternatives (RPAs)

Section 2. Past accomplishments

Section 3. Relationships to other projects

Section 4. Budget for Planning and Design phase

Task-based budget

Outyear objectives-based budget

Outyear budgets for Planning and Design phase

Section 5. Budget for Construction and Implementation phase

Task-based budget

Outyear objectives-based budget

Outyear budgets for Construction and Implementation phase

Section 6. Budget for Operations and Maintenance phase

Task-based budget

Outyear objectives-based budget

Outyear budgets for Operations and Maintenance phase

Section 7. Budget for Monitoring and Evaluation phase

Task-based budget

Outyear objectives-based budget

Outyear budgets for Monitoring and Evaluation phase

Section 8. Estimated budget summary

Itemized budget

Total estimated budget

Reason for change in estimated budget

Budget includes approximately $60,000 to complete paving of driving surfaces at Powerdale Fish Facility and $21,600 to renovate the GMS alarm system at the Parkdale Fish Facility. Both of these items are one-time costs. It is possible BPA will initiate alarm system changes during FY 2000. Planning and engineering design for Parkdale expansion includes $520,250 for FY2001.

Reason for change in scope

Expansion of the Parkdale Fish Facility will allow full term rearing of Hood River spring chinook production and will help achieve the standard of producing a quality smolt with the desired size (15-20/lb) and reduced incidence of disease (BKD). The current rearing program at Round Butte/Pelton Ladder is not capable of meeting these smolt standards. Two small experimental groups of spring chinook reared at Parkdale Fish Facility has met the size and disease criteria. Once Parkdale expansion is complete, Projects #198902900 and 199500700 (Pelton Ladder-Hatchery and Pelton Ladder-PGE O&M) will not be needed.

Cost sharing

Reviews and recommendations

This information was not provided on the original proposals, but was generated during the review process.

Comment:

Recommendation for the set of HRPP proposals: Fundable only if the response adequately addresses the ISRP's concerns. See subbasin comments, above.

The reviewers were concerned by the proposed goal to double hatchery production as a method of supplementation. This goal seems inconsistent with our understanding of supplementation (e.g., RASP 1992; SRT Report 1999).

Using data from the proposers own presentation during the site visit, acclimation does not increase survival, yet they are proposing construction of more acclimation sites. Instead, we suggest releasing all hatchery winter steelhead smolts below Powerdale Dam, because of mortality associated with passage at the dam and increased interaction with wild fish in the river above the dam. Therefore, the need for the acclimation sites is questionable.

The M&E portion of the program (nearly one million dollars between projects 198805304 and 198805303) fails to adequately address questions that are critical to the program's success. See comments above on the set of proposals.

With current return levels and the indication of SARs of ~6% for wild steelhead, compared to SARs of 1% or less for hatchery winter steelhead, why is there a winter steelhead hatchery program at all? If the preliminary SAR data are indicative of fitness differences between wild and hatchery produced fish, then continuing the hatchery program could undermine the fitness of the wild stock. Decisions on when to proceed with hatchery programs for harvest generation or supplementation for population re-building need to be based on demographic information and life-stage survival rates.

In spite of these shortcomings, this was a fairly complete and often detailed proposal. The project proposal is well crafted and went into some detail about the rationale for the Hood River Production Program, but contained insufficient detail about performance to date, specifically, with respect to escapement and SARs. This was not covered more fully in the HRPP M&E proposal; thus, the omission from both proposals was surprising since specific escapement and SAR goals were mentioned for chinook and both races of steelhead.

General comments on Hood River Production Program:

The Hood River Subbasin Summary was well written and thorough. The Hood River group is on the right track with their watershed assessments and rehabilitation plans listed by priority of action. Concerns are with the hatchery program and the issue of passage at the dam.

Summer and winter steelhead stocks have been in decline during the 1990s, and are now down to less than 200 and 300 fish, respectively, and far below the escapement goal of 2,400 fish. A crude recruitment analysis, assuming these fish were, on average, 4 years-old at return, suggested both stocks are below replacement. The abundance of each seemed correlated, suggesting factors in the decline are affecting both stocks, now down to less than 1or 2 fish/km. It is not possible to separate the freshwater from the marine factors in the decline since no data on wild smolt yield is given. However, the decline is likely related to marine conditions, as found elsewhere. Data on smolt yield exists (five rotary screw traps in the watershed) so an analysis of overall smolt yield and return may be possible. Survivals on hatchery steelhead seemed peculiar in that winter-run hatchery releases faired worse, at less than 1% from 60,000 releases, than summer-runs, which apparently had survivals near 3%. Something is odd about this difference - either the release numbers have varied, summer and winter runs are misidentified, or summer runs are doing something different (migration pathways?). A more thorough treatment of the stock assessment information available is required.

The use of wild brood stock for hatchery purposes, while commendable and correct at the best of times (i.e., when survivals warrant it), is likely depleting the limited wild stock without increased return, given these poor survival rates. Furthermore, supplementation is focusing on the wrong life stage if the current limitation is in the smolt-to-adult stage. It is difficult to separate the "supplementation" from the fish released for harvest. All fish for harvest should be released below the dam. A review and justification of the supplementation program is required.

The comparisons and conclusions on acclimation (Figs. 11 and 12 in the summary) suffer from having no within-year control, and were not in agreement with the presentation on this issue which indicated there was no benefit to acclimation. Fish released from these facilities will compete with wild parr and smolts, particularly if a large portion residualize. Half of the males (perhaps as many as 15,000 of 60,000 releases in this watershed) may fail to migrate, and compete for food and space with wild fish. They plan to study residualism, but some information should already be available, and presented.

A review of the harvest-fish release and returns and consequences to the wild population is needed. What are the consequences within the Bonneville Pool and elsewhere when hatchery smolts out-number wild by several fold? Even catch-and-release fishing has an impact, particularly where effort is high, and this wild population can withstand no harvest impact. This form of supplementation may be doing more harm than good to the wild population; likewise for the harvest program.

They should proceed with their watershed rehabilitation plans and hope that these attempts will improve productivity and capability in freshwater to offset the dramatic declines in smolt-to-adult survival. Meanwhile, there is a need to do more work on the latter, including mortality in the downstream migration within the Hood, within the Bonneville Pool, down the Columbia, at the river mouth, and during the coastal migration. Comments above on hatchery harvest and supplementation will apply to several watersheds, thus an overall review may be required.

Recommendation for the set of HRPP proposals: Fundable only if the response adequately addresses the ISRP's concerns.

Issues to address:

1. The proposals contained little specific data presentation.
2. Quantify the juvenile loss through the Powerdale hydro facility.
3. Consider using PIT tags or acoustic tags in the smolt evaluations.
4. Release all smolts below the dam where the goal is to increase the available harvest but consider/address the indirect impacts to wild fish from C&R.
5. The turn-back of hatchery steelhead at the ladder has increased straying, and may have lad to increased angling effort within the lower river (thus further C&R of wild). Alternatives to turnback should be provided (cull?).
6. What are the consequences of increased hatchery smolt presence within the Bonneville Reservoir, the lower Columbia River, and at the mouth, and given the aggregate hatchery releases in the Province and elsewhere?
7. Justify hatchery production levels. In the absence of quantitative stock assessments, the proposals fail to justify technically the need for the projects presented. For example, what is the basis for the numbers of hatchery fish to be released?
8. Develop a monitoring and evaluation plan for the separate tasks of harvest development, supplementation, and habitat rehabilitation.

The Hood River Production Program has many things going for it, including its dedicated staff, high quality facilities (Powerdale collection site and Parkdale), links between the habitat restoration efforts and the production program, etc. Nevertheless, the M&E portion of the program fails to adequately address monitoring and evaluation questions that are critical to the program's success. These include quantifying the juvenile loss through the Powerdale hydro facility, lack of consideration of using PIT tag technology to gather additional juvenile migration and adult return data, and deeper integration of the wild and hatchery production components for winter steelhead goals.

Acclimation as a supplementation strategy, as a means to enhance the survivability of artificially produced smolts released into the watershed, seems not to have been demonstrated, at least by the data presented in the proposals. Reviewers perceive that a better strategy for enhancing winter steelhead fisheries would be to release all smolts below the dam.

Recycling as a fishery-enhancement tactic, returning marked steelhead to the mouth of the tributary to make them available to harvest again, seems to have been responsible for enhanced straying into other watersheds; if so the practice is detrimental to the maintenance of biodiversity in the subbasin and should be curtailed.

Finally, density limits in the Bonneville Pool and lower Columbia River need to be addressed in this Subbasin Summary and others as a potential factor limiting salmon productivity. Without appropriate assessment of stocks including survival in the pool and lower river, and without consideration of density as a potential limiting factor, managers may inappropriately increase smolt releases to the detriment of future cohorts of native salmon. Reviewers note with concern that proposers in the Hood River program contemplate doubling of hatchery production as a method of supplementation; the detrimental effect of this increased density of salmon smolts on the survival of native salmon has apparently not been considered.

Comment:

FY 01, 02, and 03 Budget Review Comments: The Fish and Wildlife Program has made a significant commitment to re-establishing fish runs in Hood River. The facilities and fish production in Hood River qualify as urgent activities. The expansion of the Parkdale facility should be considered a High Priority, although the co-managers strongly support this expansion. The property needed for Parkdale expansion is currently available for purchase and acquisition of this property is an urgent priority and time sensitive within this subbasin. Expansion of this facility would provide a savings of approximately $100,000 per year in O+M costs for the Hood River Production Program beginning FY 2003.

Comment:

Comment:

Comment:

Specifically, the responses adequately addressed the ISRP's concerns on juvenile loss through the Powerdale Facility, the potential use of PIT tags (perhaps to be revisited during the 2002 conference), smolt releases below Powerdale Dam, straying of recycled adult steelhead, and the impact of smolt numbers in the Bonneville Pool (a valid concern, but likely outside the purview of the Hood River Production Program). With respect to the justification of HRPP production levels, the final paragraph of the response gets to the main point of the ISRP's concern, somewhat unsatisfactorily (although what is said is no doubt true). Detail and references were lacking for this section.

A major concern of the ISRP is the need for an overall monitoring and evaluation plan. The PI's acknowledge that more coordination and summarization would be beneficial. We hope they are able to move forward on this issue.

Finally, the ISRP noted that both proposal and verbal presentation contained little specific data presentation. The response indicates that the PI's felt that an undue emphasis was placed on brevity for both proposals and presentations (this year and previous years) that precluded presentation of past results. While there is probably some truth in this viewpoint, the ISRP has been clear and consistent in articulating its expectations to the region that proposals for continuing projects must contain results-oriented summaries of past work in order to justify continued support for the project. Within the proposal, it is appropriate to cite past annual reports and publications that resulted from the work, but merely citing the reports without summarizing the results and learning that occurred is not an adequate response. The ISRP has been very clear on this expectation.

Comment:

Staff recommendation: Define decision points for three-step review and associated budget for a reasonably optimistic decision schedule. Emphasize use of the 2002 program review to evaluate the scope of major production facility changes as called for in the Environmental Impact Statement for the Hood River program. This schedule would place the likely capital construction need in Fiscal Year 2003 and extend the proposed planning and design budget over two years. The staff recommends that Bonneville fund land acquisition for potential expansion subject to determination of the adequacy of water supply. The staff believes this preliminary acquisition is reasonable because the land could be sold if construction at the site is ultimately foreclosed.

Adjustment to consensus priority budget: Project 1988-053-07: Modification of the Fiscal Year 2001 planning and design budget to extend through 2002. Reschedule capital costs, except for land acquisition to 2003. Reserving the capital budget will depend on continued approvals in the "Three-Step" process and a determination of the Program's scheduled capital investment capacity.

Comment:

Sponsor comments: See comment at Council's website