FY 2001 Ongoing proposal 199506325

Section 1. General administrative information
Section 2. Past accomplishments
Section 3. Relationships to other projects
Section 4. Budgets for planning/design phase
Section 5. Budgets for construction/implementation phase
Section 6. Budgets for operations/maintenance phase
Section 7. Budgets for monitoring/evaluation phase
Section 8. Budget summary

Reviews and Recommendations

Additional documents

Title	Type

Section 1. Administrative

Proposal title	Yakima/Klickitat Fisheries Project Monitoring And Evaluation
Proposal ID	199506325
Organization	Yakama Nation (YN)
Proposal contact person or principal investigator
Name	Melvin Sampson
Mailing address	P.O. Box 151 Toppenish, WA 98948
Phone / email	5098656262 / mel@yakama.com
Manager authorizing this project	Melvin Sampson
Review cycle	FY 2001 Ongoing
Province / Subbasin	Columbia Plateau / Yakima
Short description	Monitors YKFP in terms of natural production, harvest , ecological and genetic impacts, guides adaptive management within the project and provides detailed information on supplementation to the region.
Target species

Project location

Latitude	Longitude	Description

Reasonable and Prudent Alternatives (RPAs)

Sponsor-reported:

RPA

Relevant RPAs based on NMFS/BPA review:

Reviewing agency	Action #	BiOp Agency	Description

Section 2. Past accomplishments

Year	Accomplishment
1999	Release of first experimental optimal conventional and semi-naturally reared spring chinook.
1999	Completed Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment models for spring chinook, fall chinook, coho, and steelhead in the Yakima and Klickitat sub-basins.
1999	Developed a new method of estimating smolt survival indices from Prosser to McNary Dam, and refined existing smolt passage estimator at the Chandler Juvenile Monitoring Facility.
1999	Demonstrated a relative hatchery-wild spring chinook smolt survival of 80% (Roza to McNary Dam). Demonstrated relatively high survival (>50%) for experimental hatchery spring chinook releases (acclimation pond to McNary Dam).
1999	Continued development of a localized broodstock adapted to the Yakima basin. Demonstrated relatively high survival (~50%) for locally collected, experimental hatchery coho releases (acclimation pond to McNary Dam).
1999	Developed a repeatable predation index for piscivorous birds and fish in the Yakima basin.
1999	Completed genetic modeling demonstrating an increase in the effective population size for hatchery fish produced by factorial matings.
1999	Identified the spawning distribution of returning coho in the Yakima River.
1999	Demonstrated the ability to accelerate smoltification in experimental fall chinook to circumvent late spring temperature problems in the lower Yakima River.
1998	Monitoring prescriptions for 16 non-target taxa of concern have been developed and are being implemented to meet conservation objectives.
1998	A practical approach for assessing ecological risks associated with stocking anadromous salmonids was developed to facilitate decision making and direct monitoring efforts.
1998	Preliminary results of indirect predation experiments suggest that hatchery fish may increase survival of commingled smolts.
1998	Produced manuscript titled "A Production Function Based Model of Supplementation Dynamics" submitted to Trans. Am. Fish Soc.
1998	Produced multi-year power analysis of OCT/SNT survival comparison
1998	Modeled genetic effects of broodstock collection and usage rules
1998	Recorded detailed behavioral observations on wild spawning spring chinook (first ethological description of these behaviors on Columbia River spring chinook)
1998	Characterized detailed reproductive traits of Yakima wild spring chinook
1998	Developed DNA microsatellite profiles of Yakima spring chinook populations
1998	Refined species-specific outmigration estimators for Chandler smolt trap.
1998	The adult broodstock collection and monitoring facility at Roza Dam was shown to have no adverse effects on passage timing or spawning distribution of wild Yakima spring chinook.
1998	Plans were developed to retrofit Lyle Falls fishway in the Klickitat subbasin to function as an effective broodstock collection and adult monitoring facility.
1998	Refined and augmented in-basin Yakima harvest monitoring methods.
1998	Strobe lights and infrasound were shown to be ineffective fish guidance methods at the juvenile trap at Roza Dam.
1998	Preliminary results indicate low competitive impacts of outplanted hatchery coho parr on trout.
1998	Developed 4 supplementation dynamics computer models
1997	Produced Yakima Fisheries Project Spring Chinook Supplementation Monitoring Plan (DOE/BP-64878-1)
1997	Studies indicated that smolts marked with VI-jet tags were not reliably identifiable as adults; therefore, CWTs implanted at multiple body locations were used in 1998 to mark YKFP hatchery spring chinook parr for smolt-to-adult monitoring.
1997	A preliminary ecosystem diagnosis and treatment modeling analysis of Yakima fall chinook indicated that the major factor limiting natural production was a combination of excessive temperature in the lower river and late emergence timing.
1997	Began development of locally-adapted coho and fall chinook broodstocks by collecting returning adults in the Yakima subbasin.
1997	Survival studies showed benefits from the following rearing treatments: raceway color pattern, overhead cover and mid-water structure. 1997 SNT treatment includes these elements plus mid-water feed delivery.
1997	Began broodstock collection of upper Yakima spring chinook at Roza Dam in 1997 and continued in 1998 using outlined genetic selection guidelines (Busack et al. 1997).
1996	Developed "Pedigree" computer model for investigation of monitoring power using DNA markers.
1994	Produced report "Experimental designs for testing differences in survival among salmonid populations" (DOE/BP-00029-3)

Section 3. Relationships to other projects

Project ID	Title	Description

Section 4. Budget for Planning and Design phase

Task-based budget

Objective	Task	Duration in FYs	Estimated 2001 cost	Subcontractor
1. Natural Production: Develop and implement methods of detecting indices of increasing natural production, as well as methods of detecting a realized increase in natural production, with specified statistical power.	a1. Ecosystem Diagnosis and Treatment (EDT) Modeling: To design supplementation/habitat enhancement programs for coho, spring & fall chinook & steelhead in both Subbasins, and to investigate population dynamics of supplemented populations	2	$238,953
	a2. Technical assistance with application, interpretation and modification of EDT model	2	$75,000	Yes

Outyear objectives-based budget

Objective	Starting FY	Ending FY	Estimated cost

Outyear budgets for Planning and Design phase

FY 2003	FY 2005	FY 2004	FY 2002
$352,758	$396,359	$373,923	$332,790

Section 5. Budget for Construction and Implementation phase

Task-based budget

Objective	Task	Duration in FYs	Estimated 2001 cost	Subcontractor

Outyear objectives-based budget

Objective	Starting FY	Ending FY	Estimated cost

Outyear budgets for Construction and Implementation phase

Section 6. Budget for Operations and Maintenance phase

Task-based budget

Objective	Task	Duration in FYs	Estimated 2001 cost	Subcontractor

Outyear objectives-based budget

Objective	Starting FY	Ending FY	Estimated cost

Outyear budgets for Operations and Maintenance phase

Section 7. Budget for Monitoring and Evaluation phase

Task-based budget

Objective	Task	Duration in FYs	Estimated 2001 cost	Subcontractor
1. Natural Production: Develop and implement methods of detecting indices of increasing natural production, as well as methods of detecting a realized increase in natural production, with specified statistical power.	a. EDT modeling and enhancement planning. See section 3	continual	$0
1.	b. Yakima River fall chinook fry survival study: determine optimal target areas for supplementation by estimating fry-to-smolt survival of marked hatchery fry used as surrogates for wild fry.	deferred	$0
1.	c. Yakima River coho life history study: former project now consolidated with 1j., Yakima River coho optimal stock, temporal and geographic study.	N/A	$0
1.	d. Klickitat juvenile salmonid population surveys: Determine the spatial distribution and relative abundance of salmonids throughout the Klickitat basin to guide design of initial enhancement program.	5-8	$63,000
1.	e. Juvenile spring chinook micro-habitat utilization: Estimate baseline microhabitat utilization of juvenile spring chinook salmon. Future deviations in use will suggest carrying capacity problems.	5-8	$22,000
1.	f1. Yakima Hatchery spring chinook juvenile PIT-tagging: Estimate hatchery spring chinook smolt survival to Chandler & mainstem dams using PIT-tags, and smolt-to-adult survival (release to Yakima mouth) using CWTs.	continual	$203,085
1	f2. Yakima Hatchery spring chinook juvenile CWT-tagging: Estimate hatchery spring chinook smolt survival to Chandler & mainstem dams using PIT-tags, and smolt-to-adult survival (release to Yakima mouth) using CWTs.	continual	$250,000	Yes
1.	g. Roza juvenile wild/hatchery smolt PIT tagging: To capture, PIT-tag and release wild and hatchery spring chinook to estimate relative wild/hatchery smolt survival to Chandler and the McNary Dam.	continual	$96,866
1.	h. Wild/hatchery smolt survival and enumeration (Chandler Juvenile Monitoring Facility):To estimate hatchery and wild smolt passage at Chandler smolt trap.	continual	$474,080
1.	i1. Fall chinook optimal rearing treatment: Develop an accelerated rearing treatment for fall chinook to enable early outmigration and increase overall smolt survival.	6-8	$61,804
1.	i2. Fall chinook optimal rearing treatment: Subcontract with USFWS for fish marking.	6-8	$24,910	Yes
1.	j1. Yakima coho stock and release study: Determine optimal location, date, and stock of release for Yakima coho re-introduction efforts.	6-8	$220,945
1.	j2. Yakima coho stock and release study: Subcontract with USFWS to CWT fish..	6-8	$150,138	Yes
1.	k. Yakima spring chinook juvenile behavior: Determine differences in hatchery & wild spring chinook smolt behavior closely related to survival	indefinite	$77,128
1.	l. Yakima hatchery spring chinook juvenile morphometric and coloration studies: Determine whether significant difference in body shape and coloration exist between OCT and SNT hatchery spring chinook before and during the time of release.	continual	$6,642
1.	m. Yakima hatchery/wild spring chinook smolt physiology studies: Determine whether significant physiological differences exist among wild, OCT and SNT Yakima spring chinook smolts during rearing, at release, at Chandler and at McNary Dam.	3	$0
1.	n. Study of feasibility of using screw traps for long-term monitoring of juvenile production in the Klickitat Subbasin: Determine the feasibility of using screw traps to monitor long term juvenile salmonid production in the upper and lower Klickitat River	continual	$138,436
1.	o. Adult salmonid enumeration at Prosser Dam: Estimate the total number of adult salmonids returning to the Yakima Basin by species (spring and fall chinook, coho and steelhead), including return of externally marked fish.	continual	$70,138
1.	p. Adult salmonid enumeration and broodstock collection at Roza and Cowiche dams: Estimate the total number of adult salmonids returning to the upper Yakima (Roza), and the total number of adult coho returning to the Naches (Cowiche).	continual	$188,308
1.		continual	$206,958
1.	r. Natural Spawning Observations: Characterize wild spring chinook reproductive behavior (adults & precocials) to analyze behavior of hatchery fish relative to wild fish.	temporarily deferred	$0
1.	s. Yakima spring chinook residuals/precocials studies: Estimate baseline abundance of residual and precocial spring chinook salmon and determine the necessary sampling effort for long term monitoring following supplementation.	continual	$22,000
1.	t1. Relative hatchery/wild reproductive success: Determine relative spawning behavioral & reproductive success of wild & hatchery spring chinook in an artificial spawning channel: Field work & data analysis.	continual	$100,000
1.	t2. Relative hatchery/wild reproductive success: Determine relative spawning behavioral & reproductive success of wild and hatchery spring chinook in an artificial spawning channel: study design.	continual	$13,000
1.	u. Yakima spring chinook gamete quality monitoring: Estimate sex-specific fertility, in-hatchery mortality, incidence of monstrosities and fry emergence timing for upper Yakima spring chinook from a subsample of eggs.	continual	$24,566
1.	v. Scale analysis: Determine age and stock composition of juvenile and adult salmonid stocks in the Yakima and Klickitat basins.	continual	$26,917
1.	w. Fish health monitoring: Monitor the disease status of Yakima Basin hatchery juveniles and broodstock, and determine pre-supplementation incidence of pathogens in wild Yakima spring chinook	continual	$80,000	Yes
1.	x. Habitat inventory aerial videos and ground truthing: Measure critical environmental variables by analyzing data extracted from aerial videos and verified by ground examinations.	5-10	$20,000	Yes
1.	y. Out-of-basin environmental monitoring: Obtain and utilize information regarding mainstem and marine environmental and harvest-related impacts on all Yakima and Klickitat anadromous salmonids.	deferred	$0
1.	z. Trophic enhancement research: former study of impact on natural production attributable to adding hatchery salmon carcasses to infertile streams. Dropped as unnecessary -- issue considered resolved.	N/A	$0
1.	A. Sediment impacts on habitat: Monitor stream sediment loads associated with the operation of dams and other anthropogenic factors (e.g., logging, agriculture and road building) affecting streams in the Yakima and Klickitat Subbasins.	continual	$48,835
1.	B. Klickitat fish passage obstruction inventory assessment: Locate and describe existing salmonid fish migration barriers in the Klickitat Basin.	1-2	$21,972
1.	C. Klickitat water quality inventory: Record water quality measurements at each habitat survey reach on a seasonal basis.	continual	$7,273
1.	D. Klickitat habitat inventory & analysis: Collect data on existing and historical fish populations, habitat and passage conditions throughout the basin for eventual use in the modeling runs that will generate initial enhancement plans.	2-3	$68,624
1.	E. Yakima hatchery spring chinook predator avoidance training: Determine efficacy of exposing Yakima hatchery spring chinook to avian predation prior to release in terms of increasing survival to Chandler.	5	$40,000
1.	F. Former M&E project since transferred to Project Management. Funds originally allocated to M&E for Data Management have also been subtracted from M&E budget and transferred to Management.	N/A	$0
1.	G. Biometrical Support: Provide the services of a half-time Ph.D. level biometrician for the project.	continual	$50,000	Yes
1.	H. MIPT Operations: former budget line item that funded administrative activities of YKFP Monitoring Team. Funds since re-allocated over all affected tasks and this line item dropped.	N/A	$0
2. Harvest: Develop methods to detect increases in harvest of YKFP targeted stocks.	a. Out-of-basin harvest monitoring: Estimate group- and stock-specific harvest of hatchery and wild anadromous salmonids outside of the Yakima and Klickitat subbasins.	deferred	$0
2.	b. In-basin harvest: Estimate group- and stock-specific harvest of hatchery and wild anadromous salmonids within the Yakima and Klickitat subbasins.	continual	$53,543
3. Genetics: Develop methods of detecting significant Pre- & post-supplementation (PAPS) genetic changes in targeted stocks as reflected by changes in extinction risk, within-stock genetic variability, between-stock genetic variability, and domesticati	a. PVA analysis for all YKFP target stocks: Develop population viability analysis approaches for monitoring extinction risk of all YKFP target stocks by refining existing project models.	deferred	$0
3.	b.Allozyme/DNA data collection and analysis: Augment allozyme and DNA microsatellite baselines of all Yakima chinook stocks for monitoring within- and between population genetic variability.	continual	$61,030
3.	c. Stray recovery on Naches and American spawning grounds: Determine the extent of gene flow from the supplemented Upper Yakima stock into the Naches and American River stocks.	continual	$31,800
3.	d. Yakima spring chinook domestication: develop a domestication selection study for Upper Yakima spring chinook involving HxH and WxW matings that is sufficiently powerful to detect effects but also does not violate broodstock composition rules.	continual	$50,000
4. Ecological Interactions: Determine if impacts to non-target taxa can be kept within specified biological limits, and determine if biotic interactions limit ability of supplementation to increase natural production.	a. Avian predation index: Develop methods to index impact of avian predation on annual smolt production of Yakima salmon and steelhead.	continual	$105,000	Yes
4.	b. Fish predation index: Develop methods to index impact of piscivorous fish on annual smolt production of Yakima salmon and steelhead.	continual	$286,640
4.	c. Coho/chinook predation study: Estimate the percent of emergent fall chinook fry in the Yakima River consumed by hatchery coho smolts.	5-8	$5,651
4.	d. Indirect predation: Determine the impact of the abundance of outmigrating hatchery smolts on the survival of commingled smolts (wild and hatchery) via alterations in predator behavior.	3-5	$33,098
4.	e.Yakima River spring chinook competition/prey index: Determine whether prey abundance limits the production of upper Yakima spring chinook smolts..	continual	$22,000
4.	f. Upper Yakima Non-Target Taxa of Concern (NTTOC) monitoring: Determine the impact of spring chinook supplementation on the abundance, distribution or size structure of 16 NTTOC in the Yakima Subbasin.	continual	$391,892
4.	g. Pathogen sampling: Determine supplementation impacts on the incidence of pathogens in wild Yakima spring chinook smolts.	continual	$4,200	Yes

Outyear objectives-based budget

Objective	Starting FY	Ending FY	Estimated cost

Outyear budgets for Monitoring and Evaluation phase

FY 2003	FY 2005	FY 2004	FY 2002
$4,353,739	$4,891,682	$4,614,964	$4,111,696

Section 8. Estimated budget summary

Itemized budget

Item	Note	FY 2001 cost
Personnel	FTE: 1.7	$159,357
Fringe		$26,423
Supplies		$7,430
Travel		$5,258
Indirect		$40,485
Subcontractor	Mobrand Biometrics	$75,000
Personnel	FTE: 50.8	$1,348,979
Fringe		$263,884
Supplies		$392,455
Travel		$54,648
Indirect		$527,406
PIT tags	# of tags: 91600	$219,840
Subcontractor		$1,015,267
		$4,136,432

Total estimated budget

Total FY 2001 cost	$4,136,432
Amount anticipated from previously committed BPA funds	$0
Total FY 2001 budget request	$4,136,432
FY 2001 forecast from 2000	$4,918,330
% change from forecast	-15.9%

Reason for change in estimated budget

Certain projects were dropped as unfeasible, PIT-tag costs declined and the need for new M&E efforts anticipated earlier failed to materialize.

Reason for change in scope

See above

Cost sharing

Organization	Item or service provided	Amount	Cash or in-kind

Reviews and recommendations

This information was not provided on the original proposals, but was generated during the review process.

REVIEW:
CBFWA Funding Recommendation

Recommendation:
Ongoing Funding: yes; New Funding: no

Date:
Jul 14, 2000

Comment:

Certain projects were dropped as unfeasible, PIT-tag costs declined and the need for new M&E efforts anticipated earlier failed to materialize. The WA SRT is unable to provide a comprehensive review of this program using the project proposals submitted for BPA funding. A technical review should be performed in coordination with the annual program review currently being provided by YKFP.

REVIEW:
BPA Funding Recommendation

Recommendation:

Date:
Sep 8, 2000

Comment:

Recommendation: Full funding for this project in FY 2001: $4,136,432.

Background: This proposal has four initiatives (objectives):

Natural Production
Harvest
Genetics
Ecological Interactions

The FY 2001 request is for $4,136,432. The FY 2000 request was for $4,309,934. Based on FY 2000 analysis of end of year un-obligated balances (adjusted for "carry forward estimates), there is a balance of $427,500. This balance could be either returned to the Anadromous Fish Placeholder or retained and credited toward a Council approved budget for 2001.

The recommended funding level for this proposal in FY 2001 is $4,136,432.

This is a comprehensive proposal designed to incorporate all M&E functions planned under the YKFP for both the YN and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. During the implementation of this proposal, the activities assigned to the YN are incorporated in their contract (Project. No. 1995-063-25) and those assigned to WDFW are incorporated in their contract (Project No. 1995-064-24). In order to track the overall performance of work authorized under this proposal the two projects must be viewed together. While the comprehensive nature of the YKFP M&E plan is desirable, developing a comprehensive report of findings and results is more challenging and the Policy Group should review this matter. Each entity reports on its assigned activities. The separation of the activities between the two entities reflects the discussions and agreements the two entities have made regarding the shared responsibilities for YFKP M&E.

The CBFWA comments recommended a technical review be performed of this proposal during the Project Annual Review. We agree and also suggest that the proposal/project be reviewed as part of a Council Step Review of the YKFP.

In anticipation of a step review by the Council and in consideration for the significant investment the YKFP has in M&E within the Yakima River Basin, it is recommend that the Council support the $4,136,432 funding requested for 2001. It is at a level consistent with the prior years funding for these activities.

REVIEW:
NWPPC Funding Recommendation

Recommendation:
Fund

Date:
Sep 13, 2000

Comment:

Rationale: Previous commitments remain available for scope of work; Per BPA end-of-year review. $427,500 carry forward available for M&E tasks.

REVIEW:
NW Power and Conservation Council's FY 2006 Project Funding Review

Funding category:
expense

Date:
May 2005

FY05 NPCC start of year:	FY06 NPCC staff preliminary:	FY06 NPCC July draft start of year:
$4,100,251	$4,100,251	$4,100,251

Sponsor comments: See comment at Council's website