FY 2002 Mountain Snake proposal 199005500
Contents
Section 1. General administrative information
Section 2. Past accomplishments
Section 3. Relationships to other projects
Section 4. Budgets for planning/design phase
Section 5. Budgets for construction/implementation phase
Section 6. Budgets for operations/maintenance phase
Section 7. Budgets for monitoring/evaluation phase
Section 8. Budget summary
Reviews and Recommendations
Additional documents
Title | Type |
---|---|
199005500 Narrative | Narrative |
199005500 Sponsor Response to the ISRP | Response |
Mountain Snake: Clearwater Subbasin Map with BPA Fish & Wildlife Projects | Subbasin Map |
Mountain Snake: Clearwater Subbasin Map with BPA Fish & Wildlife Projects | Subbasin Map |
Section 1. Administrative
Proposal title | Steelhead Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers |
Proposal ID | 199005500 |
Organization | Idaho Department of Fish and Game and Idaho Office of Species Conservation (IDFG/IOSC) |
Proposal contact person or principal investigator | |
Name | Sam Sharr |
Mailing address | 1414 East Locust Lane Nampa, ID 83686 |
Phone / email | 2084658404 / ssharr@idfg.state.id.us |
Manager authorizing this project | Steve Yundt |
Review cycle | Mountain Snake |
Province / Subbasin | Mountain Snake / Clearwater |
Short description | Evaluate the feasibility of using artificial production to increase natural steelhead populations and to collect life history, genetic, and abundance data from wild steelhead populations in Idaho. |
Target species | Steelhead |
Project location
Latitude | Longitude | Description |
---|---|---|
This is a project that collects data throughout the Clearwater River drainage and the Salmon River drainage. | ||
45 | -114.98 | Salmon subbasin |
46.44 | -115.65 | Clearwater subbasin |
Reasonable and Prudent Alternatives (RPAs)
Sponsor-reported:
RPA |
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RM&E RPA Action 182 |
RM&E RPA Action 184 |
RM&E RPA Action 185 |
Relevant RPAs based on NMFS/BPA review:
Reviewing agency | Action # | BiOp Agency | Description |
---|---|---|---|
NMFS | Action 182 | NMFS | The Action Agencies and NMFS shall work within regional priorities and congressional appropriations processes to establish and provide the appropriate level of FCRPS funding for studies to determine the reproductive success of hatchery fish relative to wild fish. At a minimum, two to four studies shall be conducted in each ESU. The Action Agencies shall work with the Technical Recovery Teams to identify the most appropriate populations or stocks for these studies no later than 2002. Studies will begin no later than 2003. |
NMFS | Action 184 | NMFS | The Action Agencies and NMFS shall work within regional prioritization and congressional appropriation processes to establish and provide the appropriate level of FCRPS funding for a hatchery research, monitoring, and evaluation program consisting of studies to determine whether hatchery reforms reduce the risk of extinction for Columbia River basin salmonids and whether conservation hatcheries contribute to recovery. |
NMFS/BPA | Action 182 | NMFS | The Action Agencies and NMFS shall work within regional priorities and congressional appropriations processes to establish and provide the appropriate level of FCRPS funding for studies to determine the reproductive success of hatchery fish relative to wild fish. At a minimum, two to four studies shall be conducted in each ESU. The Action Agencies shall work with the Technical Recovery Teams to identify the most appropriate populations or stocks for these studies no later than 2002. Studies will begin no later than 2003. |
NMFS/BPA | Action 184 | NMFS | The Action Agencies and NMFS shall work within regional prioritization and congressional appropriation processes to establish and provide the appropriate level of FCRPS funding for a hatchery research, monitoring, and evaluation program consisting of studies to determine whether hatchery reforms reduce the risk of extinction for Columbia River basin salmonids and whether conservation hatcheries contribute to recovery. |
Section 2. Past accomplishments
Year | Accomplishment |
---|---|
1992 | I submited a detailed experimental design to BPA for this project |
1993 | Outplanted adult hatchery steelhead from Sawtooth Hatchery in Beaver and Frenchman creeks to estimate parr and smolt production. |
1993 | SF Red River was stocked with 50,000 hatchery fingerlings. Monitor release for parr and smolt production. |
1993 | Crews snorkeled 8 streams to monitor steelhead abundance by obtaining juvenile steelhead densities. Also determine chinook parr and resident trout densities. |
1993 | Crews PIT tag 2,870 juvenile steelhead in 6 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
1994 | SF Red River was stocked with 50,000 hatchery fingerlings. Monitor release for parr and smolt production. |
1994 | Crews snorkeled 8 streams to monitor steelhead abundance by obtaining juvenile steelhead densities. Also determine chinook parr and resident trout densities. |
1994 | Crews PIT tag 6,314 juvenile steelhead in 12 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
1994 | Crews collected scales from juvenile steelhead in 5 streams and adults from 3 streams to determine age of adults, parr, and smolts. |
1995 | Outplanted adult hatchery steelhead from Sawtooth Hatchery in Beaver Creek to estimate parr and smolt production. |
1995 | SF Red River was stocked with 50,000 hatchery fingerlings. Monitor release for parr and smolt production. |
1995 | We installed a temporary weir in Fish Creek and counted the adult steelhead escapement. Data used as an index of the status of wild B-run steelhead. |
1995 | Crews snorkeled 8 streams to monitor steelhead abundance by obtaining juvenile steelhead densities. Also determine chinook parr and resident trout densities. |
1995 | Crews PIT tag 3,431 juvenile steelhead in 7 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
1995 | Crews collected scales from juvenile steelhead in 4 streams and adults from 5 streams to determine age of adults, parr, and smolts. |
1995 | Completed annual report work done in 1993. Submitted to BPA. |
1996 | Outplanted adult hatchery steelhead from Sawtooth Hatchery in Beaver Creek to estimate parr and smolt production. |
1996 | SF Red River was stocked with 50,000 hatchery fingerlings. Monitor release for parr and smolt production. |
1996 | We installed a temporary weir in Fish Creek and counted the adult steelhead escapement. Data used as an index of the status of wild B-run steelhead. |
1996 | Crews PIT tag 7,998 juvenile steelhead in 11 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
1996 | Crews collected scales from juvenile steelhead in 2 streams and adults in 1 stream to determine age of adults, parr, and smolts. |
1996 | Completed annual report work done in 1994. Submitted to BPA. |
1997 | Outplanted adult hatchery steelhead from Sawtooth Hatchery in Beaver and Frenchman creeks to estimate parr and smolt production. |
1997 | Red River was stocked with 5,000 hatchery smolts. Monitor release for smolt detections at downriver dams. |
1997 | We installed a temporary weir in Fish Creek and counted the adult steelhead escapement. Data used as an index of the status of wild B-run steelhead. |
1997 | Crews snorkeled 13 streams to monitor steelhead abundance by obtaining juvenile steelhead densities. Also determine chinook parr and resident trout densities. |
1997 | Crews PIT tag about 9,306 juvenile steelhead in 13 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
1997 | We collected scales from juvenile steelhead in 4 streams and adults from 2 streams to determine age of adults, parr, and smolts. |
1998 | Outplanted adult hatchery steelhead from Sawtooth Hatchery in Beaver Creek to estimate parr and smolt production. |
1998 | Red River was stocked with 5,000 hatchery smolts. Monitor release for smolt detections at downriver dams. |
1998 | We installed a temporary weir in Fish Creek and counted the adult steelhead escapement. Data used as an index of the status of wild B-run steelhead. |
1998 | Crews snorkeled 10 streams to monitor steelhead abundance by obtaining juvenile steelhead densities. Also determine chinook parr and resident trout densities. |
1998 | Crews PIT tag 7,708 juvenile steelhead in 11 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
1998 | We collected scales from juvenile steelhead in 3 streams and adults in 2 streams to determine age of adults, parr, and smolts. |
1998 | We collected fin samples for DNA analysis from juvenile steelhead in 6 streams and adults in 2 streams. |
1998 | We mounted and aged 432 adult steelhead scales and 2,766 juvenile steelhead scales that were collected from 1993 to 1997. |
1998 | Completed annual report of work done in 1995. Submitted to BPA. |
1999 | Outplanted adult hatchery steelhead from Sawtooth Hatchery in Beaver and Frenchman creeks to estimate parr and smolt production. |
1999 | We installed a temporary weir in Fish Creek and counted the adult steelhead escapement. Data used as an index of the status of wild B-run steelhead. |
1999 | Crews snorkeled 13 streams to monitor steelhead abundance by obtaining juvenile steelhead densities. Also determine chinook parr and resident trout densities. |
1999 | Crews PIT tag 13,713 juvenile steelhead in 17 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
1999 | We collected fin samples for DNA analysis from juvenile steelhead in 5 streams and adults in 2 streams. |
2000 | Outplanted adult hatchery steelhead from Sawtooth Hatchery in Beaver and Frenchman creeks to estimate parr and smolt production. |
2000 | We installed a temporary weir in Fish Creek and counted the adult steelhead escapement. Data used as an index of the status of wild B-run steelhead. |
2000 | Crews snorkeled 15 streams to monitor steelhead abundance by obtaining juvenile steelhead densities. Also determine chinook parr and resident trout densities. |
2000 | Crews PIT tag 13,164 juvenile steelhead in 17 streams for population status, emigration patterns from streams, smolt emigration timing at Snake River dams, and smolt-to-adult survival (SAR) analysis. |
2000 | We collected 4,900 fin samples from wild juvenile steelhead in 72 streams and from the five hatchery stocks raised in Idaho. Data is being genetically analyzed using microsatellite markers to create a baseline database for Idaho steelhead. |
2000 | Collected fin samples for DNA analysis from Fish Creek and Rapid River adult steelhead. |
2000 | Completed a seven year summary report of this project's work from 1993 to 1999. Submitted to BPA electronically for posting on its website. |
1993-2000 | Collect water temperature from 40 streams in the Clearwater and Salmon drainages. |
2001 | Completed the 2000 Annual Report of this project's work. Submitted to BPA electronically for posting on its website. |
Section 3. Relationships to other projects
Project ID | Title | Description |
---|---|---|
198909800 | Idaho Supplementation Studies (ISS) | Project personnel trap and PIT tag juvenile steelhead and collect scales collected at screw traps. Project personnel help collect fin samples for steelhead DNA analysis. |
198909801 | Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers--USFWS | Project personnel trap and PIT tag juvenile steelhead and collect scales collected at the Clear Creek screw trap. Obtain juvenile steelhead densities from their snorkel surveys. |
198909802 | Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers--Nez Perce Tribe | Project personnel trap and PIT tag juvenile steelhead and collect scales collected at screw traps. |
198909803 | Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers--Shoshone-Bannock Tribe | Project personnel trap and PIT tag juvenile steelhead and collect scales collected at screw traps. |
199107300 | Idaho Natural Production Monitoring and Evaluation | This project uses steelhead PIT tagged by SSS for smolt-to-adult survival analysis. SSS supplies juvenile density data for the GPM database. |
198909600 | Monitor, evaluate genetic characteristics of supplemented salmon and steelhead. | Coordinate data collection and analysis. Cooperate to develop and facilitate interlaboratory standardization of microsatellite data. |
199008000 | Columbia River Basin PIT Tag Information System | Provide data of PIT-tagged steelhead |
199102800 | Monitoring Smolt Migrations of Wild Snake River Spring/Summer Chinook | This project PIT tags juvenile steelhead collected during their sampling of chinook parr in Idaho streams. |
199608600 | Clearwater Subbasin Focus Program | Work in cooperation with this project to obtain steelhead abundance data and to PIT tag juvenile steelhead in the Potlatch River drainage. |
Section 4. Budget for Planning and Design phase
Task-based budget
Objective | Task | Duration in FYs | Estimated 2002 cost | Subcontractor |
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Outyear objectives-based budget
Objective | Starting FY | Ending FY | Estimated cost |
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Outyear budgets for Planning and Design phase
Section 5. Budget for Construction and Implementation phase
Task-based budget
Objective | Task | Duration in FYs | Estimated 2002 cost | Subcontractor |
---|---|---|---|---|
1. Assess the performance of hatchery brood sources to reestablish steelhead in streams where extirpated. | a. Stock hatchery adults returning to Sawtooth Hatchery in Frenchman and Beaver creeks. Monitor spawning. | ongong | $1,333 | |
b. Collect eggs from females spawned at Sawtooth Hatchery. Incubate in individual egg trays and ennumerate to develop a relation between female fork length and fecundity. | 3 | $667 | ||
c. Snorkel Frenchman and Beaver creeks to obtain juvenile age-1 steelhead densities. | ongoing | $2,777 | ||
d. Estimate smolt production from the age-1 steelhead population in Beaver and Frenchman creeks. | ongoing | $618 | ||
2. Evaluate the ability of returning adults from hatchery smolt and fingerling releases to produce progeny in natural streams. | a. Hatchery smolts and fingerlings (all fish marked) were stocked from 1993 to 1999. | 0 | $0 | |
b. Operate the Red River weir to count the number of adults that return from the fingerling and smolt stockings. | 2 | $13,331 | ||
c. Snorkel SF Red River and Red River upstream of the weir to obtain steelhead parr densities. | 3 | $11,665 | ||
d. Compare parr production from adults that return from smolt stocking with those returning from fingerling stocking. | 3 | $1,235 | ||
3. Assess the abundance, habitat, and life history characteristics of wild steelhead populations in the Salmon and Clearwater river drainages. | a. Monitor wild/natural adult escapement, length frequency, sex ratios, and arrival timing at hatchery weirs and Fish Creek. | ongoing | $68,323 | |
3 | b. Monitor wild steelhead parr densities in indicator streams of the Clearwater and Salmon drainages with snorkel surveys during the summer. | ongoing | $62,213 | |
3 | c. Operate screw traps in Fish Creek and Boulder Creek. Estimate out-migration with mark-recapture methodology, measure length, weight, and collect scales from migrants. PIT tag all steelhead >80 mm. | ongoing | $78,992 | |
3 | d. Coordinate with other IDFG projects and other agencies to PIT tag steelhead at screw traps and during stream collection of chinook salmon parr. | ongoing | $13,103 | |
3 | e. Determine and compare growth rates of juvenile steelhead in streams. | ongoing | $1,853 | |
3 | f. Determine age of adult and juvenile fish in streams from scales that were collected. | ongoing | $31,973 | |
3 | g. Record the stream temperature on a yearly basis from streams throughout the Clearwater and Salmon drainages. | ongoing | $7,412 | |
4. Genetic monitoring and evaluation of wild and hatchery steelhead stocks. | $0 | |||
4a. Determine the relative contributions of wild and hatchery steelhead stocks in year-to-year admixtures in streams. | a. Collect fin samples from 16 streams and the 5 hatchery stocks reared in Idaho. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | ongoing | $8,888 | |
b. Analyze samples and estimate the contribution of hatchery stocks in each stream. | ongoing | $63,000 | Yes | |
4b. Measure the year-to-year genetic variation within selected wild juvenile steelhead populations. | a. Collect fin samples from 15 wild steelhead populations. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | ongoing | $8,332 | |
b. Analyze samples and calculate the inter-population and inter-year variation in allelic frequencies of the sampled populations. | ongoing | $45,000 | Yes | |
4c. Estimate the rate of straying in wild adult steelhead populations. | a. Collect fin samples from wild adult steelhead captured at the Fish Creek, Clear Creek, Pahsimeroi River, and Rapid River weirs. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | ongoing | $1,000 | |
b. Analyze samples and determine the number of adults returning to each weir that are "strays." | ongoing | $20,000 | Yes | |
4d. Analyze wild juvenile steelhead captured during their out-migration and collected at different locations within the drainage to determine if there is temporal and spatial genetic variation in the basin. | a. Collect fin samples from juvenile steelhead captured at the Fish Creek screw trap during the spring, summer, and fall. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | 3 | $500 | |
b. Collect fin samples from different stream sections in Fish Creek and its tributaries during the summer. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | 3 | $3,888 | ||
c. Analyze samples and test for differences in genetic variation among adults, the three juvenile migration periods, and juveniles from various stream locations. | 3 | $21,000 | Yes | |
4e. Estimate the rate of gene flow among redband/resident rainbow trout and wild steelhead. | a. Collect samples in Lick and Gedney creeks from redband/resident rainbow trout upstream of barriers to anadromous steelhead and from the steelhead downstream of the barrier. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | 3 | $1,111 | |
b. Collect samples from redband/resident rainbow trout and anadromous steelhead in streams where the two populations are believed to occur sympatrically. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | 3 | $3,333 | ||
c. Analyze samples and test for genetic differences between the populations and measure the rate of gene flow between them. | 3 | $18,000 | Yes | |
5. Estimate the amount of wild and hatchery steelhead form Idaho streams in the steelhead by-catch of the Zone 6 fall chinook fishery. | a. In cooperation with tribal biologists, CRTFIC, and other agencies, develop a plan to sample the Zone 6 fall chinook fishery to estimate the number of wild and hatchery steelhead that are caught. | 3 | $9,265 | |
b. Obtain fin samples from wild and hatchery steelhead sampled. Ship samples to Alaska Biological Science Center. | 3 | $16,664 | ||
c. Analyze samples and estimate the contribution of wild and hatchery steelhead in the Zone 6 fishery that are of Idaho origin. | 3 | $30,000 | Yes | |
6. Assess the abundance and life history characteristics of wild A-run steelhead populations in the Potlatch River drainage. | a. Collect stream density and abundance of juvenile steelhead with snorkel surveys and electrofishing. | ongoing | $15,750 | |
b. PIT tag rainbow/steelhead in tributaries throughout the Potlatch basin to determine anadromous life history and tributary contribution to steelhead production. | ongoing | $26,250 | ||
c. Operate a screw trap to recapture fish PIT tagged in task b. Estimate out-migration with mark-recapture methodology, measure length, weight, and collect scales from migrants. PIT tag all steelhead >80 mm. | ongoing | $42,000 | ||
d. Operate an adult weir in the EF Potlatch River to enumerate wild steelhead escapement, sex ratios, run-timing, hatchery straying. | ongoing | $21,000 | ||
7. Estimate parr production, smolt production, and smolt-to-adult survival of BY2001 natural chinook that spawn in Fish Creek. | a. Estimate summer parr density in Fish Creek with snorkel survey. | 1 | $0 | |
b. Estimate the number of migrants (fall 2002 presmolts and spring 2003 smolts) at the screw trap using mark-recapture methodology | 2 | $0 | ||
c. PIT tag chinook parr and smolts captured at the screw trap to measure smolt-to-adult survival. | 2 | $35,831 |
Outyear objectives-based budget
Objective | Starting FY | Ending FY | Estimated cost |
---|---|---|---|
1. Assess the performance of hatchery brood sources to reestablish steelhead in streams where extirpated. | 2003 | 2006 | $21,580 |
2. Evaluate the ability of returning adults from hatchery smolt and fingerling releases to produce progeny in natural streams. | 2003 | 2005 | $52,031 |
3. Assess the abundance, habitat, and life history characteristics of wild steelhead populations in the Salmon and Clearwater river drainages. | 2003 | 2006 | $1,055,476 |
4a. Determine the relative contributions of wild and hatchery steelhead stocks in year-to-year admixtures in streams. | 2003 | 2006 | $280,000 |
4b. Measure the year-to-year genetic variation within selected wild juvenile steelhead populations. | 2003 | 2006 | $212,000 |
4c. Estimate the rate of straying in wild adult steelhead populations. | 2003 | 2006 | $84,000 |
4d. Analyze wild juvenile steelhead captured during their out-migration and collected at different locations within the drainage to determine if there is temporal and spatial genetic variation in the basin. | 2003 | 2006 | $50,000 |
4e. Estimate the rate of gene flow among redband/resident rainbow trout and wild steelhead. | 2003 | 2006 | $44,000 |
5. Estimate the amount of wild and hatchery steelhead from Idaho streams in the steelhead by-catch of the Zone 6 fall chinook fishery. | 2003 | 2006 | $100,000 |
6. Assess the abundance and life history characteristics in the wild A-run steelhead populations in the Potlatch River drainage. | 2003 | 2006 | $420,000 |
7. Estimate parr production, smolt production, and smolt-to-adult survival of BY2001 natural chinook that spawn in Fish Creek. | 2003 | 2006 | $15,000 |
Outyear budgets for Construction and Implementation phase
Section 6. Budget for Operations and Maintenance phase
Task-based budget
Objective | Task | Duration in FYs | Estimated 2002 cost | Subcontractor |
---|
Outyear objectives-based budget
Objective | Starting FY | Ending FY | Estimated cost |
---|
Outyear budgets for Operations and Maintenance phase
FY 2003 | FY 2004 | FY 2005 | FY 2006 |
---|---|---|---|
$686,307 | $637,145 | $519,817 | $519,817 |
Section 7. Budget for Monitoring and Evaluation phase
Task-based budget
Objective | Task | Duration in FYs | Estimated 2002 cost | Subcontractor |
---|
Outyear objectives-based budget
Objective | Starting FY | Ending FY | Estimated cost |
---|
Outyear budgets for Monitoring and Evaluation phase
Section 8. Estimated budget summary
Itemized budget
Item | Note | FY 2002 cost |
---|---|---|
Personnel | FTE: 5 | $170,579 |
Fringe | $57,503 | |
Supplies | $71,000 | |
Travel | $25,000 | |
Indirect | $67,725 | |
Capital | $34,500 | |
PIT tags | # of tags: 28,000 | $63,000 |
Subcontractor | Dr. Jennifer Nelson, Alaska Biological Science Center, Anchorage | $197,000 |
$686,307 |
Total estimated budget
Total FY 2002 cost | $686,307 |
Amount anticipated from previously committed BPA funds | $0 |
Total FY 2002 budget request | $686,307 |
FY 2002 forecast from 2001 | $328,761 |
% change from forecast | 108.8% |
Reason for change in estimated budget
The FY 2002 forecast did not include continuing the genetic monitoring of steelhead populations we began in 2000 or expanding our abundance and life history monitoring of wild steelhead populations by including an A-run stock. The increase in our budget from FY 2001 (which included genetic monitoring) is 29%.
Reason for change in scope
This project has focused its population abudanace and life history monitoring efforts on wild B-run populations. We propose to expand our wild steelhead population and life history monitoring by including the A-run Potlatch River drainage. Although this project's focus is steelhead, we plan to monitor BY01 chinook production in Fish Creek. Most of the data needed to assess the BY01 chinook production will be collected with our on-going study of the Fish Creek wild steelhead population. The additional cost is primarly for the PIT-tags needed to tag chinook parr and smolts.
Cost sharing
Organization | Item or service provided | Amount | Cash or in-kind |
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Other budget explanation
I estimated the future budget totals using constant 2002 dollars. No adjustments were made for inflation.
Reviews and recommendations
This information was not provided on the original proposals, but was generated during the review process.
Fundable only if response is adequate
Sep 28, 2001
Comment:
Excellent proposal. Presentation, which was articulate and clear, could have been superb through the use of better presentation materials and graphics.Other questions: How does the proposed addition of a screwtrap and weir in East Fork Potlatch River relate to the A-Run and coho proposals by the NPT? This has broad application across the basin and should be coordinated with other basin projects. The sponsors focus on wild B steelhead on Fish Creek (best case scenario) to gather background information on abundance and growth rates, parr age structure, migration info, etc. This info is closely linked to NMFS BiOp. Reviewers expressed concern about non-marked hatchery fish confounding monitoring and experiments.
Idaho Supplementation Studies
A response is needed for the set of Idaho Supplementation Study Projects.
Background
Supplementation of natural stocks is not a mandated mitigation objective, but has become an important part of the hatchery programs. Idaho has outplanted (i.e. off-site releases) over 5.5 million chinook fry, approximately 8 million smolts, and 8,000 adults into the Salmon River drainage since 1977 (IDFG et. Al. 1990). During the same period, over 17 million fry, 3 million smolts, and 2,000 adults were outplanted into the Clearwater River drainage (Nez Perce Tribe et. Al. 1990). In spite of widespread outplanting activities there has been little scientific evaluation of supplementation on rebuilding or influencing natural salmon populations both in Idaho and basin wide. Furthermore, despite these hatchery mitigation efforts, anadromous fish stocks in Idaho continued to decline.
The Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) spearheaded development of the Idaho Supplementation Studies (ISS) to address questions identified in the Supplementation Technical Work Group (STWG) Five Year Workplan (STWG 1988), as well as help define the potential role of supplementation in managing Idaho's anadromous fisheries and as a recovery tool for the basin. The goal of the Idaho Supplementation Studies is to evaluate various supplementation strategies for maintaining and rebuilding spring/summer chinook salmon populations in Idaho and to develop recommendations for using supplementation to rebuild naturally spawning populations.
Projects directly involved in the ISS are:
- Project ID: 198909800. Idaho Supplementation Studies. Sponsor: Idaho Department of Fish and Game and Idaho Office of Species Conservation. Subbasin: Salmon.
- Project ID: 198909801. Evaluate Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers (ISS). Sponsor: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Idaho Fishery Resource Office. Subbasin: Clearwater.
- Project ID: 198909802. Evaluate Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers- Nez Perce Tribe. Sponsor: Nez Perce Tribe. Subbasin: Salmon.
- Project ID: 198909803. Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho- Shoshone-Bannock Tribes. Sponsor: Shoshone-Bannock Tribes. Subbasin: Salmon
- Project ID: 199005500. Steelhead Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers. Sponsor: Idaho Department of Fish and Game and Idaho Office of Species Conservation. Subbasin: Clearwater
- Project ID: 199604300. Johnson Creek Artificial Propagation Enhancement Project. Sponsor: Nez Perce Tribe. Subbasin: Salmon.
ISS also coordinates field activities and data collection efforts with the Idaho Habitat/ Natural Production Monitoring project (199107300). ISS also coordinates with and transfers data to projects in the Salmon River subbasin including the Monitoring Smolt Migration of Wild Snake River Spring/Summer Chinook Salmon (199102800), Salmon River Habitat Enhancement (9405000), and Salmon River Production Program (199705700). ISS also works closely with the Lower Snake River Compensation Plan (LSRCP) to coordinate on hatchery supplementation treatments and evaluations.
Presently, there are eleven state and federal anadromous hatcheries operating in Idaho: Clearwater, Oxbow, Rapid River, McCall, Sawtooth, Pahsimeroi, Dworshak, Kooskia, Hagerman National, Niagara Springs, and Magic Valley. There are also three satellite rearing ponds: Powell, Red River, and Crooked River operated in conjunction with the Clearwater Hatchery. These hatcheries have the combined capacity to produce 8.5 million spring chinook smolts, 2 million summer chinook smolts, 6.7 million A-run steelhead O. mykiss smolts, and 4 million B-run steelhead smolts annually.
ISS Study Design
The ISS study design called for a minimum of 15 years (three generations) of research (Bowles and Leitzinger 1991). Sampling was initiated in 1991, and implementation began in 1992. Supplementation effects are monitored and evaluated by comparing juvenile production and survival, fecundity, age structure, and genetic structure and variability in treatment and control streams of similar ecological parameters.
Due to the large geographic scope of this study, study streams were partitioned among four resource management entities for implementation. These include Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Nez Perce Tribe, Shoshone-Bannock Tribe, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Idaho Fishery Resource Office. Allocations were based on interest, integration with ongoing programs, cost efficiency, logistics and, to a lesser extent, relative equity. Approximately one-half of the study will be implemented by Idaho Department of Fish and Game through the ISS contract with BPA. The Nez Perce Tribe and Shoshone-Bannock Tribe have similar commitments to ISS, each comprising approximately 20% of the study. Both of these components rely heavily on integration of existing or proposed tribal programs. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Idaho Fishery Resource Office implements about ten percent of the project. The Idaho Department of Fish and Game is the lead agency regarding project development, coordination, and implementation.
The ISS Experimental Design was completed and published in 1991. Baseline data collection and development of supplementation brood stocks (Phase I) began in 1991. Over a period of about five years, supplementation brood stocks were developed for seven hatchery trap/release locations as identified in the experimental design:
Artificial Production Facilities
- Sawtooth Fish Hatchery - Upper Salmon River
- Pahsimeroi Fish Hatchery - Pahsimeroi River
- McCall Fish Hatchery - South Fork Salmon River Clearwater Fish Hatchery Satellites
- Crooked River
- Red River
- Powell (Colt-killed Creek)
- Clear Creek - Kooskia National Fish Hatchery
As adult fish began to return from the Phase I supplementation brood stock juvenile releases, the project progressed into Phase II. Phase II utilizes the returning adults to supplement natural origin recruits in treatment streams and maintains supplementation brood stocks for juvenile production and release. Juvenile fish releases through brood year 1996 include 1,281,755 fish in the Clearwater River basin and 1,954,048 fish in the Salmon River basin.
This project is now transitioning from Phase II to Phase III, monitoring the effects of supplementation. In Phase III juvenile releases from supplementation brood stocks are eventually terminated, returning adults from prior juvenile releases are released to supplement spawning of natural origin recruits, and monitoring of production and productivity response variables in control and treatment streams continues. In 2000, juvenile releases were maintained at levels similar to releases in 1999.
Treatment (e.g. supplementation in general, supplementation with a particular life stage, supplementation with a particular brood source) effects will be tested directly by hypotheses. In general, treatments will be applied for one to two generations (5-10 years) following approximately one generation of pretreatment data. Population responses to supplementation will be monitored a minimum of one generation (5 years) following supplementation. It is important that the original study design be maintained. Reducing sample size (number of treatment streams) can potentially impair the sensitivity of the design. Reducing to five treatment streams provides only a 60% chance of detecting a 25% change in production, whereas we would still have over 95% chance of detecting a 50% change.
Related projects
Several additional projects are related to the ISS. The monitoring and evaluation portion of the Johnson Creek Artificial Propagation Enhancement project (199604300) conducts the juvenile emigration and survival, adult escapement (weir and spawning ground surveys), and genetic monitoring associated with the ISS project in Johnson Creek. The Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery Monitoring and Evaluation project (198335003) collects the data associated with the ISS project in Lolo Creek, Eldorado Creek, and Newsome Creeks in the Clearwater River subbasin. The Nez Perce Tribe Monitoring of Listed Stock Chinook Salmon Escapement project (BPA Number 199703000) operates a video camera and weir to passively monitor and enumerate adults returning to Lake Creek and upper Secesh River. This project collects data on adult abundance and migration timing of chinook salmon.
ISRP Preliminary Recommendations:
As initially planned, the Idaho Supplementation Study (ISS) was probably the best supplementation study among the Provinces. It should be continued, but the ISRP has a number of concerns that should be addressed while there is still time. This study addresses the critical issue of the efficacy of supplementation to restore populations and many resources have been committed to it. With the experimental design of the Yakima Hatchery in question (no wild/wild and no hatchery/hatchery controls), retaining the integrity of this experiment is crucial. It is important that the Idaho Supplementation Studies be completed following the original approved experimental design.
The most critical ISRP concerns are:
- the effect of the loss of Johnson Creek (previously a control stream) from the experimental design, and
- the effect of straying of hatchery fish into Lake Creek, the Secesh River, and other designated "controls".
As currently planned in project #199604300"Johnson Creek Artificial Propagation Enhancement Project", Johnson Creek is neither a treatment nor a control stream in the ISS because the criteria for stopping supplementation has been changed and does not appear to match the timetable in the ISS. Supplementation activities in Johnson Creek should cease immediately for the duration of the ISS study design, allowing Johnson Creek to continue to be used as a 'control' stream, even given the recent limited supplementation of it. (Note: a portion of the 2001 returning jacks are the first returning fish from the limited Johnson Creek supplementation effort.)
To do minimal damage to the ISS study design, the ISRP recommends that Johnson Creek now be considered a control stream (at least by year class!) and that supplementation be stopped in Johnson Creek in accordance with the original timetable in the ISS. The number of wild returning adults we observed earlier this month spawning in Johnson Creek, and the number we are likely to observe next year, argue that supplementation of Johnson Creek is not needed as an emergency action for a declining stock at least through the duration of the ISS experiment.
As we understand the situation, the decision to remove Johnson Creek from the study was beyond the control of some proponents of the ISS project. Nevertheless, we find it unacceptable that the experimental design for study of such a critical issue as supplementation would be compromised by a decision to remove a control stream from the study. The only conclusion we can come to is that the proponents of the decision to remove Johnson Creek from the supplementation study believe that they already know the result, i.e., they believe supplementation works. A broad base of the scientific community is in extreme disagreement with this conclusion, and it is unacceptable that the best-designed study of supplementation would be compromised.
Other ISRP concerns: The proponents should list the initial control and treatment streams and the current treatments and controls. How has the overall design changed? What is the current timetable to stop supplementation in the treatment streams and to evaluate the effect on natural production? In the control streams, what effect do the straying rates have on the analysis? What would be the effect of changing Johnson Creek from a "control" to a "treatment" stream on the statistical power of the study?
The results of this project should help determine whether supplementation is a viable restoration strategy and as such should inform the RPA four-step safety net process.
There may be a need for ongoing input from an over-site committee with members outside those participating in the study to monitor the progress. Has this been planned for or considered?
Comment:
This project addresses RPAs 175, 182, and 184.Comment:
Excellent proposal. Presentation, which was articulate and clear, could have been superb through the use of better presentation materials and graphics. The ISRP remains concerned about non-marked hatchery fish confounding monitoring and experiments.Idaho Supplementation Studies
Background
Supplementation of natural stocks is not a mandated mitigation objective, but has become an important part of the hatchery programs. Idaho has outplanted (i.e. off-site releases) over 5.5 million chinook fry, approximately 8 million smolts, and 8,000 adults into the Salmon River drainage since 1977 (IDFG et. Al. 1990). During the same period, over 17 million fry, 3 million smolts, and 2,000 adults were outplanted into the Clearwater River drainage (Nez Perce Tribe et. Al. 1990). In spite of widespread outplanting activities there has been little scientific evaluation of the efficacy of supplementation on rebuilding or influencing natural salmon populations both in Idaho and basin wide. Furthermore, despite these hatchery mitigation efforts, anadromous fish stocks in Idaho continued to decline.
The Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) spearheaded development of the Idaho Supplementation Studies (ISS) to address questions identified in the Supplementation Technical Work Group (STWG) Five Year Workplan (STWG 1988), as well as help define the potential role of supplementation in managing Idaho's anadromous fisheries and as a recovery tool for the basin. The goal of the Idaho Supplementation Studies is to evaluate various supplementation strategies for maintaining and rebuilding spring/summer chinook salmon and steelhead populations in Idaho and to develop recommendations for using supplementation to rebuild naturally spawning populations.
Projects directly involved in the ISS are:
- Project ID 198909800. Idaho Supplementation Studies. Sponsor: Idaho Department of Fish and Game and Idaho Office of Species Conservation. Subbasin: Salmon.
- Project ID 198909801. Evaluate Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers (ISS). Sponsor: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Idaho Fishery Resource Office. Subbasin: Clearwater.
- Project ID 198909802. Evaluate Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers- Nez Perce Tribe. Sponsor: Nez Perce Tribe. Subbasin: Salmon.
- Project ID 198909803. Salmon Supplementation Studies in Idaho- Shoshone-Bannock Tribes. Sponsor: Shoshone-Bannock Tribes. Subbasin: Salmon
- Project ID 199005500. Steelhead Supplementation Studies in Idaho Rivers. Sponsor: Idaho Department of Fish and Game and Idaho Office of Species Conservation. Subbasin: Clearwater
- Project ID 199604300. Johnson Creek Artificial Propagation Enhancement Project. Sponsor: Nez Perce Tribe Subbasin: Salmon.
Presently, there are eleven state and federal anadromous hatcheries operating in Idaho: Clearwater, Oxbow, Rapid River, McCall, Sawtooth, Pahsimeroi, Dworshak, Kooskia, Hagerman National, Niagara Springs, and Magic Valley. There are also three satellite rearing ponds: Powell, Red River, and Crooked River operated in conjunction with the Clearwater Hatchery. These hatcheries have the combined capacity to produce 8.5 million spring chinook smolts, 2 million summer chinook smolts, 6.7 million A-run steelhead O. mykiss smolts, and 4 million B-run steelhead smolts annually.
ISS Study Design
The ISS study design called for a minimum of 15 years (three generations) of research (Bowles and Leitzinger 1991). Sampling was initiated in 1991, and implementation began in 1992. Supplementation effects are monitored and evaluated by comparing juvenile production and survival, fecundity, age structure, and genetic structure and variability in treatment and control streams of similar ecological parameters.
Due to the large geographic scope of this study, study streams were partitioned among four resource management entities for implementation. These include Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Nez Perce Tribe, Shoshone-Bannock Tribe, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Idaho Fishery Resource Office. Allocations were based on interest, integration with ongoing programs, cost efficiency, logistics, and, to a lesser extent, relative equity. Approximately one-half of the study will be implemented by Idaho Department of Fish and Game through the ISS contract with BPA. The Nez Perce Tribe and Shoshone-Bannock Tribe have similar commitments to ISS, each comprising approximately 20% of the study. Both of these components rely heavily on integration of existing or proposed tribal programs. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service-Idaho Fishery Resource Office implements about ten percent of the project. The Idaho Department of Fish and Game is the lead agency regarding project development, coordination, and implementation.
The ISS Experimental Design was completed and published in 1991. Baseline data collection and development of supplementation brood stocks (Phase I) began in 1991. Over a period of about five years, supplementation brood stocks were developed for seven hatchery trap/release locations as identified in the experimental design:
Artificial Production Facilities
- Sawtooth Fish Hatchery - Upper Salmon River
- Pahsimeroi Fish Hatchery - Pahsimeroi River
- McCall Fish Hatchery - South Fork Salmon River
- Crooked River
- Red River
- Powell (Colt-killed Creek)
- Clear Creek - Kooskia National Fish Hatchery
Clearwater Fish Hatchery Satellites
This project is now transitioning from Phase II to Phase III, monitoring the effects of supplementation. In Phase III juvenile releases from supplementation brood stocks are to be eventually terminated, returning adults from prior juvenile releases are released to supplement spawning of natural origin recruits, and monitoring of production and productivity response variables in control and treatment streams continues. In 2000, juvenile releases were maintained at levels similar to releases in 1999.
Treatment (e.g. supplementation in general, supplementation with a particular life stage, supplementation with a particular brood source) effects will be tested directly by hypotheses. In general, treatments will be applied for one to two generations (5-10 years) following approximately one generation of pretreatment data. Population responses to supplementation will be monitored a minimum of one generation (5 years) following supplementation. It is important that the original study design be maintained. Reducing sample size (number of treatment streams) can potentially impair the sensitivity of the design. Reducing to five treatment streams provides only a 60% chance of detecting a 25% change in production, whereas we would still have over 95% chance of detecting a 50% change.
Related projects
Several additional projects are related to the ISS. The monitoring and evaluation portion of the Johnson Creek Artificial Propagation Enhancement project (199604300) conducts the juvenile emigration and survival, adult escapement (weir and spawning ground surveys), and genetic monitoring associated with the ISS project in Johnson Creek. The Nez Perce Tribal Hatchery Monitoring and Evaluation project (198335003) collects the data associated with the ISS project in Lolo Creek, Eldorado Creek, and Newsome Creeks in the Clearwater River subbasin. The Nez Perce Tribe Monitoring of Listed Stock Chinook Salmon Escapement project (BPA Number 199703000) operates a video camera and weir to passively monitor and enumerate adults returning to Lake Creek and upper Secesh River. This project collects data on adult abundance and migration timing of chinook salmon.
ISRP Final Recommendation:
Not fundable until the ISRP concerns are adequately addressed. The experimental design has not been adhered to over the years and from the response to our preliminary review, the ISRP is not confident it will be in the future. In fact, the current experimental design is not adequately defined. There does not appear to be commitment to treatment durations, particularly to the Phase III portion of the study design, where supplementation ceases, so that treatment effects can be analyzed.
From communications that occurred during the ISRP site visit, it appears the project sponsors should be able to specify timelines for termination of the treatments for each treatment stream. A table needs to be developed for Phase III implementation that describes when the treatments will stop on a stream-by-stream basis. In the past, sponsors have not stuck with agreed upon control streams. How confounded are the treatment and control streams? This points to the need for submittal of a certified statistical design.
Projects 198909800 through 198909803 and 199005500 are fundable after adequately addressing the following constraints.
- A written protocol for complete statistical analysis, certified by an independent statistician team should be presented to Council during the contracting period. The ISRP is not comfortable with the implications that "problems" with the study design can be "fixed" during the statistical analysis stage. Considerable thought and effort should be placed in planning the statistical analyses of these potentially controversial data before final decisions are made on criteria for stopping supplementation and before data are available.
- The protocol for statistical analysis must indicate how straying of hatchery fish into "control streams" and "partial treatments" will be analyzed. For example, the response to the ISRP preliminary review indicated that the straying rate of hatchery fish into the Secesh River from 1996-2001 varied from 0.83% to 14.71%. This is in fact, de facto supplementation. It is unclear to the ISRP how partial treatment and de facto supplementation of control streams will be addressed in the statistical analysis of the ISS.
- Development of a specific stream-by-stream protocol and timetable for implementation of Phase III of the ISS. Included in this is the immediate cessation of supplementation activities in Johnson Creek (see comments below on proposal 199604300) and inclusion of Johnson Creek once again as a control stream in the ISS experimental design.
Comment:
Statement of Potential Biological Benefit to ESUBenefits are indirect. Evaluate the feasibility of using artificial production to increase natural steelhead populations and to collect life history, genetic, and abundance data from wild steelhead populations in Idaho.
Comments
The project proposes to evaluate the feasibility of using artificial production to increase natural steelhead populations and to collect life history, genetic, and abundance data from wild steelhead populations in Idaho. The sponsors focus on hatchery and wild steelhead populations from the Snake River Basin to gather background information and compare abundance and growth rates, parr age structure, migration info, etc. .
Already ESA Req? No
Biop? Yes
Comment:
Recommend funding of ongoing scope of work only after ISRP concerns are addressed for implementation of RPAs 182 and 184. This project now proposes additional objectives that may have merit and could be considered after the ISRP's concerns are addressed and a regional RM&E plan is developed. BPA RPA RPM:
182, 184
NMFS RPA/USFWS RPM:
182, 184
Comment:
Council recommendation: The Council recommends funding for these projects after the ISRP concerns detailed in programmatic issue 10 are addressed. The sponsors are requested to document their responses, and provide them to the Council for ISRP review. If the ISRP concerns are addressed, only previously approved and ongoing objectives should be funded. NMFS comments provide that these projects address RPAs 182 and 184. Bonneville's "A conditional" rating and comments are consistent with the Council recommendation. These proposals are held to funding levels approved by the Council in Fiscal Year 2001 plus 3.4%. The Council also notes that the sponsors need to consider how Johnson Creek will continue to be used in the ISS study as part of its response (see Salmon Issues7 and 8 below, and Programmatic Issue 10 above).Comment:
Fund ongoing scope of work only after ISRP concerns are addressed for implementation of RPA's 182 and 184.Comment:
[See full document for review of all Idaho Supplementation Studies (ISS) Projects]Comment:
Sponsor requests title change to: "Idaho Steelhead Monitoring and Evaluation studies" (new). Not part of ISS. May be behind in billing 03- sponsor will check. Sponsor says implementation on schedule. Increases for 04 and 05 are a result of salary increases, vehicle costs increases. Increased computer rental rates, increased facility lease and utilities, juvenile and adult equipment replacement costs, increased biometrics costs (O&M).Comment:
Increases needed to offset: 1) increased employee salaries and benefit rates, 2) increase fleet rental rates, 3) increased computer equipment rental rates, 4) increased facility lease and utilities charges, 5) juvenile and adult equipment replacement costs, and 6) increased biometrics costs.NW Power and Conservation Council's FY 2006 Project Funding Review
expense
May 2005
FY05 NPCC start of year: | FY06 NPCC staff preliminary: | FY06 NPCC July draft start of year: |
$589,086 | $589,086 | $589,086 |
Sponsor comments: See comment at Council's website