Objective | Task | Duration in FYs | Estimated 2002 cost | Subcontractor |
1) Monitor and evaluate the quality and release of hatchery reared summer steelhead into the Walla Walla River basin produced from LFC. |
a. Evaluate mark/tag quality and retention [adipose/ventral fin clip, Coded-Wire tag (CWT), freeze brand, and Visual Implant elastomer tag (VI)] before release. |
ongoing |
$1,500 |
|
|
b. Document and report release size, general condition, degree of smoltification and sexual precocity prior to release. |
ongoing |
$1,000 |
|
|
c. Summarize hatchery records for each brood year to document and report egg-to-fry, fry-to-smolt, and egg-to-smolt survival rates at LFC. |
ongoing |
$630 |
|
2) Evaluate hatchery release strategies from all release sites (downstream survival rates). |
a. Recommend marks for a portion of the steelhead reared at LFC to determine survival, ocean distribution, contribution to various fisheries, and returns to the LSRCP area. |
ongoing |
$350 |
|
|
b. Implant PIT tags in a sample of fish from each release site (before release) for identification at collection facilities at lower Columbia river dams. |
ongoing |
$2,500 |
|
|
c. Monitor migration timing, migration rates and relative recapture rates of PIT tagged and freeze branded fish at juvenile collection facilities at lower Columbia river collector dams. |
ongoing |
$1,000 |
|
3) Estimate the degree of residualism of endemic origin juvenile steelhead in the Touchet River. |
a) Supplement traditional electrofishing surveys to document and provide densities and an estimated population of endemic brood summer steelhead that residualized after release. |
3-4 years |
$4,300 |
|
|
b) Use electrofishing data to estimate a minimum percent residualism for the Touchet River endemic brood release. |
ongoing |
$500 |
|
4) Determine natural production and estimate freshwater survival rates for summer steelhead in the Touchet River. Compare natural survival rates to hatchery survival rates for spring chinook and summer steelhead. |
a) Estimate egg deposition in the Touchet River based on redd counts and fecundity estimates from the supplementation and endemic brood program. |
ongoing |
$750 |
|
|
b) Determine parr densities and a population in the Touchet River through electrofishing surveys at index sites. |
ongoing |
$9,000 |
|
|
c) Compare juvenile densities, populations sizes and spawning escapement (steelhead) with previous information in these areas. |
ongoing |
$625 |
|
5) Conduct, monitor, and evaluate adult trapping/collection of summer steelhead for broodstock. |
a) Operate and evaluate the effectiveness of existing TFH, Touchet River, lower Tucannon River, Cottonwood Creek, and Menatchee Creek adult traps for collecting naturally produced steelhead. |
ongoing |
$8,115 |
|
|
b) Collect endemic origin naturally reared steelhead for broodstock where appropriate. |
3-4 years |
$4,500 |
|
|
c) Record the origin of all fish captured in steelhead traps, document mortalities, and collect biological samples on natural origin steelhead for stock profile. |
ongoing |
$500 |
|
6) Estimate adult returns and return rates, collect life history and genetic characteristics, and document distribution of adult spring and fall chinook salmon, and summer steelhead to southeast Washington streams and facilities. |
a. Document hatchery returns to LFH, the traps on the Tucannon and Touchet rivers, Cottonwood Creek, Menatchee Creek and LGD. |
ongoing |
$1,000 |
|
|
b. Conduct spawning ground surveys, determine distribution of spawners, and collect carcasses where possible to document life history characteristics of summer steelhead in LSRCP project rivers. |
ongoing |
$12,000 |
|
|
c. Estimate spawning escapement of LFH origin steelhead (LFH stock and Wallowa stock) in LSRCP rivers. |
ongoing |
$1,000 |
|
|
d. Sample adults (natural and hatchery origin) at LFH, in the Tucannon and Touchet rivers, Asotin Creek, and tributaries to the Grande Ronde for length, age, sex, fecundity, and genetic (electrophoretic and/or DNA) data. |
4-6 years |
$5,000 |
|
|
e. Process recovered CWTs and scales for age composition. |
ongoing |
$2,220 |
|
|
f. Conduct creel surveys on the Snake, Touchet, Walla Walla, Tucannon, and Grande Ronde rivers to collect information on harvested untagged and CWT tagged LFH origin adult steelhead. |
ongoing |
$7,500 |
|
|
g. Use WDFW catch record card estimates and samples of adult CWT codes collected during creel surveys and redd counts to estimate the return and sport harvest of all groups of released LFH origin steelhead within the LSRCP area of Washington. |
ongoing |
$1,500 |
|
|
h. Calculate the number of LFH origin steelhead that were present in the sport catch on each river within the LSRCP area for which creel survey results and/or adult trapping data are available. |
ongoing |
$1,500 |
|
|
i. Utilize age composition data, adult escapement estimates, and creel data to calculate smolt-to-adult survival rates on hatchery steelhead produced from LFC. |
ongoing |
$1,500 |
|
|
j. Assess the nature and extent of straying of LFH origin steelhead within the Snake River basin and provide recommendations to minimize straying. |
ongoing |
$3,000 |
|
7) Maintain phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of salmon and steelhead stocks used at Lyons Ferry Complex. |
a) For all steelhead, examine fish for marks (i.e. Ad or ventral fin clip, or VI) and scan with a hand held or tunnel type tag detector. Collect scales from natural origin fish to document the life history pattern of each stock. |
ongoing |
$1,500 |
|
8) Where appropriate, cryogenically archive salmon and steelhead semen for future use. |
a) Cryopreserve semen from Touchet River steelhead (where sufficient local broodstocks are available) to potentially increase effective population size in succeeding years. |
3-5 years |
$3,000 |
|
9) Assess LSRCP hatchery evaluation actions to determine potential effects on species listed under the Endangered Species Act. Develop and submit Hatchery and Genetic Management Plans (HGMPs) for stocks produced at LFC. |
a. Assess LSRCP hatchery evaluation actions to determine potential effects on species listed under the Endangered Species Act. |
ongoing |
$4,000 |
|
|
b. Represent WDFW during formal ESA consultation between NMFS and the FWS. |
ongoing |
$1,000 |
|
|
c. Coordinate and integrate Washington's anadromous fish research with the Section 7 LSRCP Biological Assessment, subsequent Biological Opinions and Management Plans, HGMPs, and NMFS' Recovery Plans. |
ongoing |
$7,500 |
|
10) Complete annual reports to summarize results of all LSRCP funded work conducted during the contract period. |
a. Summarize results from objective tasks, assemble into species specific reports. Make available in printed and electronic formats. |
ongoing |
$10,000 |
|
Objective | Starting FY | Ending FY | Estimated cost |
1) Monitor and evaluate the quality and release of hatchery summer steelhead into the Walla Walla River basin produced from LFC. |
2003 |
2006 |
$14,167 |
2) Evaluate hatchery release strategies from all release sites (downstream survival rates). |
2003 |
2006 |
$17,421 |
3) Estimate the degree of residualism of endemic origin juvenile steelhead in the Touchet River. |
2003 |
2006 |
$21,724 |
4) Determine natural production and estimate freshwater survival rates for summer steelhead in the Touchet River. Compare natural survival rates to hatchery survival rates for summer steelhead. |
2003 |
2006 |
$46,956 |
5) Conduct, monitor, and evaluate adult trapping/collection of summer steelhead for broodstock. |
2003 |
2006 |
$59,356 |
6) Estimate adult returns and return rates, collect life history and genetic characteristics, and document distribution of adult spring and fall chinook salmon, and summer steelhead to southeast Washington streams and facilities. |
2003 |
2006 |
$163,920 |
7) Maintain phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of salmon and steelhead stocks used at Lyons Ferry Complex. |
2003 |
2006 |
$6,790 |
8) Where appropriate, cryogenically archive salmon and steelhead semen for future use. |
2003 |
2006 |
$13,578 |
9) Assess LSRCP hatchery evaluation actions to determine potential effects on species listed under the Endangered Species Act. Develop and submit Hatchery and Genetic Management Plans (HGMPs) for stocks produced at LFC. |
2003 |
2006 |
$56,570 |
10) Complete annual reports to summarize results of all LSRCP funded work conducted during the contract period. |
2003 |
2006 |
$45,256 |
This information was not provided on the original proposals, but was generated during the review process.
Defer final recommendation until review of the entire LSRCP is complete.
The authors generally did a good job putting the material together describing, to the program's credit, a substantial commitment to monitoring program elements including hatchery practices, size and time at release, adult returns, smolt survival during migration, relative survival of hatchery and wild fish, and variability in brood stocks. Although the Tucannon and Walla Walla subbasin summaries contain some data on stock status, the summaries and proposals need to include detailed results concerning successes and failures in meeting the program's numerical goals. The proposals should include sufficient amounts of these data and analyses to stand on its own in a technical review.
Fundable, but issues with stock transfer remain. The authors generally did a good job putting the material together describing, to the program's credit, a substantial commitment to monitoring program elements including hatchery practices, size and time at release, adult returns, smolt survival during migration, relative survival of hatchery and wild fish, and variability in broodstocks. Although the Tucannon and Walla Walla subbasin summaries contain some data on stock status, the summaries and proposals need to include detailed results concerning successes and failures in meeting the program's numerical goals. The proposals should include sufficient amounts of these data and analyses to stand on their own in a technical review.
Project sponsors generally responded adequately to ISRP requests for specific additional information on past results; project implementation; project history; how decisions are made on determining how many fish to stock; survey and monitoring methods; straying rates of hatchery-produced fish into wild populations; ocean and downriver fishery impacts on LSRCP stocks; risk analysis on program effects and planning steps to phase out unsuccessful activities; and clarification on the kinds and levels of agreement among the CTUIR, the state of Washington and the state of Oregon within the LSRCP program.
Although most of the responses adequately addressed the ISRP's concerns, some of the responses could have been more helpful. In several instances, for example, the respondents referred the ISRP to other documents or publications to search for the information needed to answer a question. In one instance, the authors did not produce the desired data because the information is to be included in a yet to be prepared publication. Presentation of these data to clarify an issue for the ISRP would not preclude publication at a later date.
In response to questions regarding the program's effectiveness in meeting the goals, the authors reported that the steelhead program sometimes exceeded the goal by as many as 10,000 fish. When this happens wouldn't it be prudent to consider reducing the size of the program to prevent further jeopardy to wild fish? The respondents did not make clear the program's effectiveness in meeting goals for chinook salmon.
Some estimates of harvest rates were presented in the response. Although rates for chinook (up to 6% for springs, up to 35% for falls) may be considered low, the impact of these rates on severely depressed spring and fall chinook may be profound. Rates for steelhead were reported to be up to 50%.
The ISRP observed that the response should further describe the goal to establish hatchery broodstocks that are appropriate (i.e. local stocks?). The WDFW response describes a process they are using to phase into local broodstock for steelhead in the Touchet River on a trial basis. They have concerns about "mining" the wild stock excessively; so have limited their initial target to 50,000 smolts from the wild stock and the remaining 75-100,000 smolts required using the Lyons Ferry Hatchery stock. Unknown return rates and straying rates of smolts originating from the wild stock also led to caution at this stage. Evaluation of performance of this broodstock will occur over the next five years before a decision is made that might commit the entire program to wild stock. With respect to the lower Walla Walla River, they are uncertain how to proceed. The status and identification of the steelhead stock is being studied to determine the best way to change to use of the local stock. Extent of straying of this stock is being studied as well. They have a concern that there may be more than one wild stock present in the basin, and do not want to undertake a program that might lead to their blending. Therefore, the Lyons Ferry stock will continue to be used in the lower Walla Walla River, evaluating the returns from that program and the wild steelhead stock status in the Touchet River, the upper Walla Walla River and Mill Creek.